Interpretation:
The compound
Concept introduction:
The molecules that are nonsuperimposable or not identical with their mirror images are known as chiral molecules.
A pair of two mirror images that are nonidentical is known as enantiomers, which are optically active.
The objects or molecules that are superimposable with their mirror images are achiral objects or molecules and these objects have a centre of symmetry or plane of symmetry.
The achiral compounds in which plane of symmetry is present internally and consists of chiral centres are known as meso compounds but they are optically inactive.
The stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposable on each other and not mirror images of each other are known as diastereomers.
Chiral molecules are capable of rotating plane polarized light
The molecules that are superimposable or identical with their mirror images are known as achiral molecules, and achiral molecules are not capable of rotating the plane-polarised light.
Chiral molecules have different atoms around the central carbon atom. They are usually optically active compounds.
First, give priority according to Cahn-Ingold-Prelog convention rules:
The higher the
If priority cannot be assigned according to the atomic mass, then assign the priority according to first point of difference.
When both the priority groups are on the same side of the double-bonded carbon atom, it is known as
But, if both the priority groups are diagonal to each other, then it is
In chemical nomenclature, the
The parent chain is the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms.
The parent chain is numbered from that end that is closest to the substituent.
If the same substituent occurs more than once, the location of each point on which the substituent occurs is given.
If there are two or more different substituents they are listed in alphabetical order using the base name
The name of the alkane is derived from the parent chain with a prefix of the substituent along with their position on the chain.
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Organic Chemistry
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- When cyclohexane is substituted by an ethynyl group, -C=CH, the energy difference between axial and equatorial conformations is only 1.7 kJ (0.41 kcal)/mol. Compare the conformational equilibrium for methylcyclohexane with that for ethynylcyclohexane and account for the difference between the two.arrow_forward(a) Draw the products of molecular formula C3H4Cl2, including stereoisomers, formed when chlorocyclopropane is heated with Cl2. (b)Assuming that compounds that have different physical properties are separable, how many fractions would be present if the mixture of products were distilled using an efficient fractional distillation? (c) How many fractions would be optically active?arrow_forward10. Provide a structure of an isomer that has the molecular formula C5H8O2 and fits the criteria described below. Note that all of the structures must be neutral and not have any formal charges on any of the atoms. a) Contains an ester and an alkene b) A chiral compound that contains a ring, ether and ketone. c) Contains an alcohol and an alkyne. d) A meso compound that contains two alcohols.arrow_forward
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