The option corresponding to the correct oxidation number for nitrogen in HNO 3 is to be identified. Concept Introduction: The oxidation state or number in a compound is the charge present on the individual atom if all the bonds are assumed to be ionic. The oxidation number is assigned by the following set of rules: 1. The oxidation number present on a neutral compound is always zero. 2. The oxidation number of atoms present in an element in the pure form is zero. 3. In the compounds, if halogens are present the oxidation number of halogens is − 1 , but when oxygen is present with them they have different oxidation number. 4. The oxidation numbers of Group 1 metals are always + 1 and Group 2 metals are always + 2 . 5. The common oxidation number of oxygen in most compounds is − 2 and oxidation number of hydrogen is + 1 .

Question

(a) The following synthesis of the molecule shown in the circle has a major problem. What is this problem? (2 pts) 1) HBr (no peroxides) 2) H- NaNH2 Br 3) NaNH, 4) CH3Br 5) H2, Pd (b) Starting with the molecule shown below and any other materials with two carbons or less, write out an alternate synthesis of the circled molecule. More than one step is needed. Indicate the reagent(s) and the major product in all the steps in your synthesis. (5 pts) 2024 Fall Term (1) Organic Chemistry 1 (Lec) CHEM 22204 02[6386] (Hunter College) (c) Using the same starting material as in part (b) and any other materials win two carpons or less, write out syntheses of the circled molecules shown below. More than one step is needed in each case. Indicate the reagent(s) and the major product in all the steps in your synthesis. You may use reactions and products from your synthesis in part (b). (5 pts)

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 5.79E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The option corresponding to the correct oxidation number for nitrogen in HNO3 is to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The oxidation state or number in a compound is the charge present on the individual atom if all the bonds are assumed to be ionic. The oxidation number is assigned by the following set of rules:

1. The oxidation number present on a neutral compound is always zero.

2. The oxidation number of atoms present in an element in the pure form is zero.

3. In the compounds, if halogens are present the oxidation number of halogens is −1, but when oxygen is present with them they have different oxidation number.

4. The oxidation numbers of Group 1 metals are always +1 and Group 2 metals are always +2.

5. The common oxidation number of oxygen in most compounds is −2 and oxidation number of hydrogen is +1.

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