Chapter 5, Problem 5.78P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The number of chiral centers in $\text{1, 1'-bi-2-naphthol}$ is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A chiral center is an ${\text{sp}}^3$ hybridized atom that is bonded to four different groups.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The enantiomer of the $\text{1, 1'-bi-2-naphthol}$ molecule shown is to be drawn. The specific rotation of the enantiomer is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enantiomers are molecules that are nonsuperimposable mirror images. Specific rotations of enantiomers are equal, but of opposite signs.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

It is to be determined how the two enantiomers are related apart from being mirror images of each other. It is to be explained why they do not readily interconvert.

Concept introduction:

Conformers are molecules that can be interconverted by a rotation about a single bond.

If the rotation about the bond is restricted because of steric hindrance, the two conformers can be separated.