(a) Interpretation: Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn. Concept introduction: A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds. If the − OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 5.51P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(b)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(c)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(d)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

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#1. Retro-Electrochemical Reaction: A ring has been made, but the light is causing the molecule to un- cyclize. Undo the ring into all possible molecules. (2pts, no partial credit) hv

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I have a question about this problem involving mechanisms and drawing curved arrows for acids and bases. I know we need to identify the nucleophile and electrophile, but are there different types of reactions? For instance, what about Grignard reagents and other types that I might not be familiar with? Can you help me with this? I want to identify the names of the mechanisms for problems 1-14, such as Gilman reagents and others. Are they all the same? Also, could you rewrite it so I can better understand? The handwriting is pretty cluttered. Additionally, I need to label the nucleophile and electrophile, but my main concern is whether those reactions differ, like the "Brønsted-Lowry acid-base mechanism, Lewis acid-base mechanism, acid-catalyzed mechanisms, acid-catalyzed reactions, base-catalyzed reactions, nucleophilic substitution mechanisms (SN1 and SN2), elimination reactions (E1 and E2), organometallic mechanisms, and so forth."

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 5.51P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(b)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(c)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(d)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 5.51P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(b)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(c)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(d)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 5.51P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(b)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(c)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(d)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

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Answer 5

Chapter 5, Problem 5.51P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(b)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(c)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(d)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Answer 6

Chapter 5, Problem 5.51P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Answer 7

Chapter 5, Problem 5.51P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(b)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(b)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(c)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(c)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(d)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

(d)

Zigzag conformation of the given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule is a representation in which the root carbon chain is represented by a zigzag line in the plane of the paper, and the substituents are shown above or below the plane by using wedge and dash bonds.

If the −OH groups on adjacent asymmetric carbon atoms are on the same side in the Fischer projection, they appear on opposite sides in the zigzag conformation – one of them on a dash bond and the other on a wedge bond. If they are on the opposite sides in the Fischer projection, they appear on the same side in the zigzag conformation, both on dash bonds or both on wedge bonds.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.1P Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.2P Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.3P Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.4P Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.5P Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.6P Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.7P Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.8P Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.9P Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.10P

Solution Summary: The author illustrates the zigzag conformation of an acyclic molecule.

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