Chapter 5, Problem 5.61QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Derive the chemical names of given compounds

Concept introduction:

• Rules for naming compounds:

  1. Cation should come first followed by anion.

  2. Provide a roman numeral for cation to mention oxidation number of it.

  3. For anion, give root name of anion + ide.

• Rules for naming polyatomic ions contains oxygen

Per + root name of element + ate	Ion have one more oxygen than expected	Eg: perphosphate
root name of element + ate	Ion has most common number of oxygen	Eg: phosphate
root name of element + ite	Ion have one less oxygen than expected	Eg: phosphite
Hypo + root name of element + ite	Ion have two less oxygen than expected	Eg: hypophosphite

• Rules for naming acids that contains oxygen

  1. Identify the name of polyatomic ion.

  2. Convert “ate” to “ic” and “ite” to “ous”.

  3. Finally the word acid should be added.

• Rules for naming acids that has no oxygen

1. 1. 1. Add prefix “hydro” to name of anion and “ic” to its ending.

1. 1. 2. Finally the word acid should be added.

To derive: the chemical name of $\text{KClO}$

Answer to Problem 5.61QP

The chemical name is potassium hypochlorite.

Explanation of Solution

$\text{KClO}$ has one ${\text{K}}^{\text{+}}$ ion and one ${\text{ClO}}^{\text{-}}$ ion.  Here anion contains two less oxygen than expected number of oxygen atoms so the name of anion should be hypo + chlor + “ite”.  One negative charge of anion has to be neutralised by one potassium cation.  Finally the chemical name is potassium hypochlorite.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Derive the chemical names of given compounds

Concept introduction:

• Rules for naming compounds:

  1. Cation should come first followed by anion.

  2. Provide a roman numeral for cation to mention oxidation number of it.

  3. For anion, give root name of anion + ide.

• Rules for naming polyatomic ions contains oxygen

Per + root name of element + ate	Ion have one more oxygen than expected	Eg: perphosphate
root name of element + ate	Ion has most common number of oxygen	Eg: phosphate
root name of element + ite	Ion have one less oxygen than expected	Eg: phosphite
Hypo + root name of element + ite	Ion have two less oxygen than expected	Eg: hypophosphite

• Rules for naming acids that contains oxygen

  1. Identify the name of polyatomic ion.

  2. Convert “ate” to “ic” and “ite” to “ous”.

  3. Finally the word acid should be added.

• Rules for naming acids that has no oxygen

1. 1. 3. Add prefix “hydro” to name of anion and “ic” to its ending.

1. 1. 4. Finally the word acid should be added.

To derive: the chemical name of ${\text{Ag}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}$

Answer to Problem 5.61QP

The chemical name is silver carbonate.

Explanation of Solution

${\text{Ag}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}$ has two ${\text{Ag}}^{\text{+}}$ ions and one ${\text{CO}}_3{}^{\text{2-}}$ ion.  Here anion contains expected number of oxygen atoms so the name of anion ends with “ate”.  Two negative charges of anion has to be neutralised by two silver cation.  Finally the chemical name is silver carbonate.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Derive the chemical names of given compounds

Concept introduction:

• Rules for naming compounds:

  1. Cation should come first followed by anion.

  2. Provide a roman numeral for cation to mention oxidation number of it.

  3. For anion, give root name of anion + ide.

• Rules for naming polyatomic ions contains oxygen

Per + root name of element + ate	Ion have one more oxygen than expected	Eg: perphosphate
root name of element + ate	Ion has most common number of oxygen	Eg: phosphate
root name of element + ite	Ion have one less oxygen than expected	Eg: phosphite
Hypo + root name of element + ite	Ion have two less oxygen than expected	Eg: hypophosphite

• Rules for naming acids that contains oxygen

  1. Identify the name of polyatomic ion.

  2. Convert “ate” to “ic” and “ite” to “ous”.

  3. Finally the word acid should be added.

• Rules for naming acids that has no oxygen

1. 1. 5. Add prefix “hydro” to name of anion and “ic” to its ending.

1. 1. 6. Finally the word acid should be added.

To derive: the chemical name of ${\text{HNO}}_{\text{2}}$

Answer to Problem 5.61QP

The chemical name is nitrous acid.

Explanation of Solution

${\text{HNO}}_{\text{2}}$ has one ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ and one ${\text{NO}}_{\text{2}}{}^{\text{-}}$ ion.  This is acid that contains oxygen type of compound. Convert nitrate to nitrous followed by addition of acid.  One negative charge of anion has to be neutralised by one ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ cation.  Finally the chemical name is nitrous acid.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Derive the chemical names of given compounds

Concept introduction:

• Rules for naming compounds:

  1. Cation should come first followed by anion.

  2. Provide a roman numeral for cation to mention oxidation number of it.

  3. For anion, give root name of anion + ide.

• Rules for naming polyatomic ions contains oxygen

Per + root name of element + ate	Ion have one more oxygen than expected	Eg: perphosphate
root name of element + ate	Ion has most common number of oxygen	Eg: phosphate
root name of element + ite	Ion have one less oxygen than expected	Eg: phosphite
Hypo + root name of element + ite	Ion have two less oxygen than expected	Eg: hypophosphite

• Rules for naming acids that contains oxygen

  1. Identify the name of polyatomic ion.

  2. Convert “ate” to “ic” and “ite” to “ous”.

  3. Finally the word acid should be added.

• Rules for naming acids that has no oxygen

1. 1. 7. Add prefix “hydro” to name of anion and “ic” to its ending.

1. 1. 8. Finally the word acid should be added.

To derive: the chemical name of ${\text{KMnO}}_{\text{4}}$

Answer to Problem 5.61QP

The chemical name is potassium permanganate.

Explanation of Solution

${\text{KMnO}}_{\text{4}}$ has one ${\text{K}}^{\text{+}}$ and one ${\text{MnO}}_{\text{4}}{}^{-}$ ions.  Here anion contains expected number of oxygen atoms so the name of anion ends with “ate”.  One negative charges of anion has to be neutralised by one potassium cation.  Finally the chemical name is potassium permanganate.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Derive the chemical names of given compounds

Concept introduction:

• Rules for naming compounds:

  1. Cation should come first followed by anion.

  2. Provide a roman numeral for cation to mention oxidation number of it.

  3. For anion, give root name of anion + ide.

• Rules for naming polyatomic ions contains oxygen

Per + root name of element + ate	Ion have one more oxygen than expected	Eg: perphosphate
root name of element + ate	Ion has most common number of oxygen	Eg: phosphate
root name of element + ite	Ion have one less oxygen than expected	Eg: phosphite
Hypo + root name of element + ite	Ion have two less oxygen than expected	Eg: hypophosphite

• Rules for naming acids that contains oxygen

  1. Identify the name of polyatomic ion.

  2. Convert “ate” to “ic” and “ite” to “ous”.

  3. Finally the word acid should be added.

• Rules for naming acids that has no oxygen

1. 1. 9. Add prefix “hydro” to name of anion and “ic” to its ending.

1. 1. 10. Finally the word acid should be added.

To derive: The chemical name of ${\text{CsClO}}_{\text{3}}$

Answer to Problem 5.61QP

The chemical name is cesium chlorate.

Explanation of Solution

${\text{CsClO}}_{\text{3}}$ has one ${\text{Cs}}^{\text{+}}$ ion and one ${\text{ClO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{\text{-}}$ ion.  Here anion contains expected number of oxygen atoms so the name of anion ends with “ate”.  The chemical name is cesium chlorate.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Derive the chemical names of given compounds

Concept introduction:

• Rules for naming compounds:

  1. Cation should come first followed by anion.

  2. Provide a roman numeral for cation to mention oxidation number of it.

  3. For anion, give root name of anion + ide.

• Rules for naming polyatomic ions contains oxygen

Per + root name of element + ate	Ion have one more oxygen than expected	Eg: perphosphate
root name of element + ate	Ion has most common number of oxygen	Eg: phosphate
root name of element + ite	Ion have one less oxygen than expected	Eg: phosphite
Hypo + root name of element + ite	Ion have two less oxygen than expected	Eg: hypophosphite

• Rules for naming acids that contains oxygen

  1. Identify the name of polyatomic ion.

  2. Convert “ate” to “ic” and “ite” to “ous”.

  3. Finally the word acid should be added.

• Rules for naming acids that has no oxygen

1. 1. 11. Add prefix “hydro” to name of anion and “ic” to its ending.

1. 1. 12. Finally the word acid should be added.

To derive: the chemical name of ${\text{KNH}}_{\text{4}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}$.

Answer to Problem 5.61QP

The chemical name is potassium ammonium sulfate.

Explanation of Solution

${\text{KNH}}_{\text{4}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}$ has one ${\text{KNH}}^{\text{+}}$ and one ${\text{HSO}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{-}}$ ion.  Here anion contains expected number of oxygen atoms so the name of anion ends with “ate”.  The chemical name is potassium ammonium sulfate.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Derive the chemical names of given compounds

Concept introduction:

• Rules for naming compounds:

  1. Cation should come first followed by anion.

  2. Provide a roman numeral for cation to mention oxidation number of it.

  3. For anion, give root name of anion + ide.

• Rules for naming polyatomic ions contains oxygen

Per + root name of element + ate	Ion have one more oxygen than expected	Eg: perphosphate
root name of element + ate	Ion has most common number of oxygen	Eg: phosphate
root name of element + ite	Ion have one less oxygen than expected	Eg: phosphite
Hypo + root name of element + ite	Ion have two less oxygen than expected	Eg: hypophosphite

• Rules for naming acids that contains oxygen

  1. Identify the name of polyatomic ion.

  2. Convert “ate” to “ic” and “ite” to “ous”.

  3. Finally the word acid should be added.

• Rules for naming acids that has no oxygen

1. 1. 13. Add prefix “hydro” to name of anion and “ic” to its ending.

1. 1. 14. Finally the word acid should be added.

To derive: the chemical name of ${\text{Fe(BrO}}_{\text{4}}{\text{)}}_{\text{2}}$.

Answer to Problem 5.61QP

The chemical name is Iron(II) perbromate.

Explanation of Solution

${\text{Fe(BrO}}_{\text{4}}{\text{)}}_{\text{2}}$ has one ${\text{Fe}}^{\text{2+}}$ ion and two ${\text{BrO}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{-}}$ ions.  Here anion contains one more number of oxygen atoms than expected so the name of anion should be per + brom + “ate”.  Oxidation state 2+ of iron has to entered for cation as shown iron(II).  The chemical name is Iron(II) perbromate.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Derive the chemical names of given compounds

Concept introduction:

• Rules for naming compounds:

  1. Cation should come first followed by anion.

  2. Provide a roman numeral for cation to mention oxidation number of it.

  3. For anion, give root name of anion + ide.

• Rules for naming polyatomic ions contains oxygen

Per + root name of element + ate	Ion have one more oxygen than expected	Eg: perphosphate
root name of element + ate	Ion has most common number of oxygen	Eg: phosphate
root name of element + ite	Ion have one less oxygen than expected	Eg: phosphite
Hypo + root name of element + ite	Ion have two less oxygen than expected	Eg: hypophosphite

• Rules for naming acids that contains oxygen

  1. Identify the name of polyatomic ion.

  2. Convert “ate” to “ic” and “ite” to “ous”.

  3. Finally the word acid should be added.

• Rules for naming acids that has no oxygen

1. 1. 15. Add prefix “hydro” to name of anion and “ic” to its ending.

1. 1. 16. Finally the word acid should be added.

To derive: the chemical name of ${\text{K}}_{\text{2}}{\text{HPO}}_{\text{4}}$.

Answer to Problem 5.61QP

The chemical name is dipotassium phosphate..

Explanation of Solution

${\text{K}}_{\text{2}}{\text{HPO}}_{\text{4}}$ has two ${\text{K}}^{\text{+}}$ ion and one ${\text{HPO}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{2-}}$ ions.  Here anion contains expected number of oxygen atoms so the name of anion ends with “ate”.  The chemical name is dipotassium phosphate.