Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach (Second Edition)
Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach (Second Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780393614053
Author: Thomas R. Gilbert, Rein V. Kirss, Stacey Lowery Bretz, Natalie Foster
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
Question
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Chapter 5, Problem 5.136QA
Interpretation Introduction

To determine:

The bond order of the peroxide and superoxide ions and determine if the bond order values are consistent with those predicted from the Lewis structures.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 5.136QA

Solution:

The bond order of peroxide (O22-) ion is 1 which is consistent with the Lewis structure.

The bond order of superoxide (O2-) ion is 1.5 which is not consistent with the Lewis structure.

Explanation of Solution

Formula:

 Bond order=12[bonding electrons-antibonding electrons]

Concept:

MO diagram for valence electrons of O22- ion is:

Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach (Second Edition), Chapter 5, Problem 5.136QA , additional homework tip  1

Total valence electrons in O2-2 ion=2×valence electrons of O atom±charge

Total valence electrons in O2-2 ion=6+6+2=14

Bond order is calculated using the formula:

Bond order=12[bonding electrons-antibonding electrons]

Bond order=128-6=1

Lewis structure of O22- ion is:

Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach (Second Edition), Chapter 5, Problem 5.136QA , additional homework tip  2

Here, both O atoms are singly bonded. Therefore, the bond order is 1, which is consistent with the bond order of MO diagram.

MO diagram for valence electrons of O2- ion is:

Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach (Second Edition), Chapter 5, Problem 5.136QA , additional homework tip  3

Total valence electrons in O2-1 ion=2×valence electrons of O atom±charge

T otal valence electrons in O2-1 ion=6+6+1=13

Bond order is calculated using the formula:

Bond order=12[bonding electrons-antibonding electrons]

Bond order=128-5=1.5

Lewis structure of O2- ion is:

Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach (Second Edition), Chapter 5, Problem 5.136QA , additional homework tip  4

Here, both O atoms are singly bonded. Therefore, the bond order is 1, which is not consistent with the bond order of MO diagram.

Conclusion: The bond order of peroxide (O22-) ion is 1 which is consistent with the Lewis structure. The bond order of superoxide (O2-) ion is 1.5 which is not consistent with the Lewis structure.

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Chapter 5 Solutions

Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach (Second Edition)

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