CHEMISTRY THE CENTRAL SCIENCE >EBOOK<
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780136873891
Author: Brown
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 5, Problem 38E
A gas is confined to a cylinder under constant atmospheric pressure, as illustrated in Figure 6.4. When 0.49 kJ of heat is added to the gas, it expands and does 214 J of work on the surroundings. What are the values of 
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Chapter 5 Solutions
CHEMISTRY THE CENTRAL SCIENCE >EBOOK<
Ch. 5.2 - A mixture of gases A2 and B2 are introduced to a...Ch. 5.2 - Practice Exercise 2 Calculate the change in the...Ch. 5.3 - A solid sample of Zn(OH)2 is added to 0.350 L of...Ch. 5.3 -
Practice Exercise 2
Calculate the work, in J, if...Ch. 5.3 - Practice Exercise 1 A chemical reaction that gives...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 5.3.2PECh. 5.4 - Prob. 5.4.1PECh. 5.4 - Prob. 5.4.2PECh. 5.5 - The coinage metals (Group 1B) copper, silver, and...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 5.5.2PE
Ch. 5.5 - Practice Exercise 1 When 0.243 g of Mg metal is...Ch. 5.5 - Practical exercise 2 When 50.0 mL of 0.100MAgNO3...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 5.7.1PECh. 5.5 - Practice Exercise 2 A 0.5865-g sample of lactic...Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 5.8.1PECh. 5.6 - Prob. 5.8.2PECh. 5.6 - Calculate H for the reaction C(s)+...Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 5.9.2PECh. 5.7 - Prob. 5.10.1PECh. 5.7 - Prob. 5.10.2PECh. 5.7 - Prob. 5.11.1PECh. 5.7 - Prob. 5.11.2PECh. 5.7 -
Practice Exercise 1
Given 2SO2(g) + 02(g) —>...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 5.12.2PECh. 5.8 - Use the average bond enthalpies in Table 5.41to...Ch. 5.8 -
Use the average bond enthalpies in Table 5.4 to...Ch. 5.9 - Prob. 5.14.1PECh. 5.9 - Prob. 5.14.2PECh. 5 - One of the important ideas of thermodynamics is...Ch. 5 - Two positively charged spheres, each with a charge...Ch. 5 - SI The accompanying photo shows a pipevine...Ch. 5 - Consider the accompanying energy diagram. Does...Ch. 5 - The contents of the closed box in each of the...Ch. 5 - Imagine that you are climbing a mountain. Is the...Ch. 5 - The diagram shows four states of a system, each...Ch. 5 - You may have noticed that when you compress the...Ch. 5 - Imagine a container placed in a tub of water, as...Ch. 5 - In the accompanying cylinder diagram, a chemical...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10ECh. 5 - Consider the two diagrams that follow. Based on...Ch. 5 - Consider the conversion of compound A into...Ch. 5 - What is the electrostatic potential energy (in...Ch. 5 - What is the electrostatic potential energy (in...Ch. 5 - The electrostatic force (not energy) of attraction...Ch. 5 - Use the equations given in Problem 5.15 to...Ch. 5 - A sodium ion, Na+, with a charge of 1.6 x 10-19 C...Ch. 5 - A magnesium ion, Mg2+, with a charge of 3.2 x...Ch. 5 - Identify the force present and explain whether...Ch. 5 - Identify the force present and explain whether...Ch. 5 - Which of the following cannot leave or enter a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 22ECh. 5 - According to the first law of thermodynamics, what...Ch. 5 - Write an equation that expresses the first law of...Ch. 5 - Calculate AB and determine whether the process is...Ch. 5 - For the following processes, calculate the change...Ch. 5 - A gas is confined to a cylinder fitted with a...Ch. 5 - Consider a system consisting of two oppositely...Ch. 5 - What is meant by the term state function? Give an...Ch. 5 - Indicate which of the following is independent of...Ch. 5 - During a normal breath, our lungs expand about...Ch. 5 - How much work (in J) is involved in a chemical...Ch. 5 - Why is the change in enthalpy usually easier to...Ch. 5 - Under what condition will the enthalpy change of a...Ch. 5 - Assume that the following reaction occurs at...Ch. 5 - Suppose that the gas-phase reaction 2NO(g) + 02(g)...Ch. 5 - A gas is confined to a cylinder under constant...Ch. 5 - A gas is confined to a cylinder under constant...Ch. 5 - The complete combustion of ethanol, C2H5OH(l), to...Ch. 5 - The decomposition of Ca(OH)2(s) into CaO(s) and...Ch. 5 - Ozone, 03(9), is a form of elemental oxygen that...Ch. 5 -
5.42 Without referring to tables, predict which...Ch. 5 - Consider the following reaction: 2 Mg(s) + 02(g)2...Ch. 5 -
544 Consider the following reaction:
2...Ch. 5 - When solutions containing silver ions and chloride...Ch. 5 - At one time, a common means of forming small...Ch. 5 -
5.47 Consider the combustion of liquid methanol,...Ch. 5 -
5.48 Consider the decomposition of liquid...Ch. 5 - 5.49
a What are the units of molar heat...Ch. 5 - Two solid objects, A and B, are placed in boiling...Ch. 5 - What is the specific heat of liquid water? What is...Ch. 5 -
5.52
a. Which substance in Table 5.2 requires...Ch. 5 - The specific heat of octane, C8H18(l), is 2.22...Ch. 5 -
6.54 Consider the data about gold metal in...Ch. 5 - When a 6-50-g sample of solid sodium hydroxide...Ch. 5 -
5.56
a. When a 4 25-g sample of solid ammonium...Ch. 5 - A 2.200-g sample of quinone (C5H402) is burned in...Ch. 5 -
8.68 A 1.800-g sample of phenol (C6H5OH) was...Ch. 5 - Under constant-volume conditions, the heat of...Ch. 5 -
5.60 Under constant-volume conditions, the heat...Ch. 5 -
5.61 Can you use an approach similar to Hess's...Ch. 5 -
5.62 Consider the following hypothetical...Ch. 5 - Calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction...Ch. 5 - From the enthalpies of reaction calculate H for...Ch. 5 - From the enthalpies of reaction Calculate H for...Ch. 5 - Given the data use Hess's law to calculate H for...Ch. 5 -
5.67
What is meant by the term standard...Ch. 5 - S
5.68
What is the value of the standard enthalpy...Ch. 5 - For each of the following compounds, write a...Ch. 5 - Write balanced equations that describe the...Ch. 5 - The following is known as the thermite reaction:...Ch. 5 -
5.72 Many portable gas heaters and grills use...Ch. 5 - Using values from Appendix C , calculate the...Ch. 5 -
5.74 Using values from Appendix C, calculate the...Ch. 5 - Complete combustion of 1 mol of acetone (C2H6O)...Ch. 5 - Calcium carbide (CaC2) reacts with water to form...Ch. 5 -
5.77 Gasoline is composed primarily of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 78ECh. 5 - Ethanol (C2H5OH) is blended with gasoline as an...Ch. 5 -
5.80 Methanol (CH3OH) is used as a fuel in race...Ch. 5 -
5.81 Without doing any calculations, predict the...Ch. 5 -
5.82 Without doing any calculations, predict...Ch. 5 - Use bond enthalpies in Table 5.4 Q to estimate for...Ch. 5 - Use bond enthalpies in Table 5.40 to estimate for...Ch. 5 - Use enthalpies of formation given in Appendix C to...Ch. 5 -
5.86
The nitrogen atoms in an N2 molecule are...Ch. 5 -
5.87 Consider the reaction 2H(g) + O2(g) ...Ch. 5 -
5.88 Consider the reaction H2(g) + I2(s) ...Ch. 5 -
5.89
What is meant by the term fuel value?
Which...Ch. 5 -
5.90
Which releases the most energy when...Ch. 5 -
5.91
A serving of a particular ready-to-serve...Ch. 5 -
5.92 A pound of plain M&M® candies contains 96 g...Ch. 5 -
5.93 The heat of combustion of fructose,...Ch. 5 -
5.94 The heat of combustion of ethanol,...Ch. 5 -
5.95 The standard enthalpies of formation of...Ch. 5 -
5.98 It is interesting to compare the ‘fuel...Ch. 5 - At the end of 2012, global population was about...Ch. 5 -
5.98 The automobile fuel called E85 consists of...Ch. 5 - The air bags that provide protection in...Ch. 5 -
5.100 An aluminum can of a soft drink is placed...Ch. 5 -
5.101 Consider a system consisting of the...Ch. 5 - A sample of gas is contained in a...Ch. 5 - Limestone stalactites and stalagmites are formed...Ch. 5 - Consider the systems shown in Figure 5.10. In one...Ch. 5 -
5.105 A house is designed to have passive solar...Ch. 5 -
5.108 A coffee-cup calorimeter of the type shown...Ch. 5 -
5.107
When a 0.235-9 sample of benzoic acid is...Ch. 5 -
5.108 Meals-ready-to-eat (MREs) are military...Ch. 5 - 5.109 Burning methane in oxygen can produce three...Ch. 5 - Prob. 110AECh. 5 -
5.111 From the following data for three...Ch. 5 - The hydrocarbons acetylene (C2H2) and benzene...Ch. 5 - Ammonia (NH3) boils at -33 °C; at this temperature...Ch. 5 -
5.114 Three common hydrocarbons that contain four...Ch. 5 -
5.115 A 201-lb man decides to add to his exercise...Ch. 5 -
5.116 TheSun supplies about 1.0 kilowatt of...Ch. 5 -
5.117 Itis estimated that the net amount of...Ch. 5 -
5.118 At 20 °C (approximately room temperature)...Ch. 5 - Suppose an Olympic diver who weighs 52.0 kg...Ch. 5 -
5.120 Consider the combustion of a single...Ch. 5 -
5.121 Consider the following unbalanced...Ch. 5 - Consider the following acid-neutralization...Ch. 5 -
5.123 Consider two solutions, the first being...Ch. 5 - The precipitation reaction between AgNO3(aq) and...Ch. 5 -
5.125 A sample of a hydrocarbon is combusted...Ch. 5 -
5.126 The methane molecule, CH4, has the geometry...Ch. 5 -
5.127 One of the best-selling light, or...
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- 9.41 Under what conditions does the enthalpy change equal the heat of a process?arrow_forwardConsider the following reaction in the vessel described in Question 57. A(g)+B(g)C(s)For this reaction, E=286 J, the piston moves up and the system absorbs 388 J of heat from its surroundings. (a) Is work done by the system? (b) How much work?arrow_forwardIn a calorimetric experiment, 6.48 g of lithium hydroxide, LiOH, was dissolved in water. The temperature of the calorimeter rose from 25.00C to 36.66C. What is H for the solution process? LiOH(s)Li(aq)+OH(aq) The heat capacity of the calorimeter and its contents is 547 J/C.arrow_forward
- 9.32 The material typically used to heat metal radiators is water. If a boiler generates water at 79.5°C, what mass of water was needed to provide the heat required in the previous problem? Water has a specific heat of 4.184Jg1 C1 .arrow_forwardUsing the data in Appendix G, calculate the standard enthalpy change for each of the following reactions: (a) Si(s)+2F2(g)SiF4(g) (b) 2C(s)+2H2(g)+O2(g)CH3CO2H(l) (c) CH4(g)+N2(g)HCN(g)+NH3(g) ; (d) CS2(g)+3Cl2(g)CCl4(g)+S2Cl2(g)arrow_forwardA piston performs work of 210. L atm on the surroundings, while the cylinder in which it is placed expands from 10. L to 25 L. At the same time, 45 J of heat is transferred from the surroundings to the system. Against what pressure was the piston working?arrow_forward
- 9.73 Without looking up any numerical data or doing calculations, predict whether the enthalpy change for each of the following reactions should he positive, negative, or zero. (a) H2O(l)H2O(s) (b) N2(g)2N(g) (c) CH4(g)+2O2(g)CO2(g)+2H2O(l) (d) CO2(s)CO2(g)arrow_forwardConsider the following reaction in a vessel with a movable piston. R(g)+T(g)X(g)As the reaction takes place, the piston loses 1072 J of heat. The piston moves down and the surroundings do 549 J of work on the system. What is E?arrow_forwardAnother reaction that is used to propel rockets is N2O4(l)+2N2H4(l)3N2(g)+4H2O(g) This reaction has the advantage that neither product is toxic, so no dangerous pollution is released. When the reaction consumes 10.0 g liquid N2O4, it releases 124 kJ of heat. (a) Is the sign of the enthalpy change positive or negative? (b) What is the value of H for the chemical equation if it is understood to be written in molar quantities?arrow_forward
- A 0.470-g sample of magnesium reacts with 200 g dilute HCl in a coffee-cup calorimeter to form MgCl2(aq) and H2(g). The temperature increases by 10.9 C as the magnesium reacts. Assume that the mixture has the same specific heat as water and a mass of 200 g. (a) Calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction. Is the process exothermic or endothermic? (b) Write the chemical equation and evaluate H.arrow_forwardWhen solid iron burns in oxygen gas (at constant pressure) to produce Fe2O3(s), 1651 kJ of heat is released for every 4 mol of iron burned. How much heat is released when 10.3 g Fe2O3(s) is produced (at constant pressure)? What additional information would you need to calculate the heat released to produce this much Fe2O3(s) if you burned iron in ozone gas, O3(g), instead of O2(g)?arrow_forwardThe combustion of 1.00 mol liquid methyl alcohol (CH3OH) in excess oxygen is exothermic, giving 727 kJ of heat. (a) Write the thermochemical equation for this reaction. (b) Calculate the enthalpy change that accompanies the burning 10.0 g methanol. (c) Compare this with the amount of heat produced by 10.0 g octane, C8H18, a component of gasoline (see Exercise 5.41).arrow_forward
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