Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry
Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781337571357
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Question
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Chapter 5, Problem 26P
Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Find if the given statement is true or false.

Avogadro’s law states that equal volume of gas at the same temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules”.

Concept Introduction:

According to Avogadro’s law states that equal volume of gas at the same temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 26P

Avogadro’s law states that equal volume of gas at the same temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules. Thus, the given statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

Avogadro’s law states that equal volume of gas at the same temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules.

According to the Avogadro’s law, equal volume of gas at the same temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Find if the given statement is true or false.

“At STP, one mole of uranium hexafluoride occupies a volume of 352 L.”

Concept Introduction:

Mathematically, Ideal gas law states that:

PV=nRT

Where,

P= Pressure of the gas in atmospheres (atm).

V= Volume of the gas in litres (l).

n= Amount of the gas in moles (mOl).

R= Ideal gas constant.

T= Temperature of the gas in kelvins (K).

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 26P

At STP, one mole of uranium hexafluoride occupies a volume of 22.4 L. Thus, the given statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

At STP, T=273.15 K, P=1atm, R=0.0821L.atm.mol1.K1 and n=1

We know that, as per ideal gas law, PV=nRT

Now, we need to calculate volume.

Substituting the values, we get.

(1atm)V=(1mol)(0.0821L.atm.mol1.K1)(273.15K)

V=(1mol)(0.0821L.atm.mol1.K1)(273.15K)(1atm)

V=22.4 l

Hence, at STP, one mole of uranium hexafluoride occupies a volume of 22.4 L.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Find if the given statement is true or false.

“If two gas samples have the same temperature, volume and pressure, the both contain same number of molecules.”

Concept Introduction:

Avogadro’s law states that equal volume of gas at the same temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 26P

If two gas samples have the same temperature, volume and pressure, the both contain same number of molecules. Thus, the given statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

According to Avogadro’s law, equal volume of gas at the same temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules. Thus, if two gas samples have the same temperature, volume and pressure, the both contain same number of molecules.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Find if the given statement is true or false.

“The value of Avogadro’s number is 6.02×1023 g/mOl”.

Concept Introduction:

Avogadro’s law states that equal volume of gas at the same temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 26P

The value of Avogadro’s number is 6.02×1023 unit mol1. Thus, the given statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

Avogadro’s number is defined as number of units in 1 mole of a substance. According to Avogadro’s law, there are 6.02×1023 atoms of substance in 1 mol of that substance. Similarly, for a molecule, 1 mol contains 6.02×1023 molecules of the substance.

Thus, Avogadro’s number is equal to 6.02×1023 unit mol1.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Find if the given statement is true or false.

“Avogadro’s number is valid only for gases at STP.”

Concept Introduction:

Avogadro’s number is a total number of units in one mole of any substance.

Avogadro’s number is equal to 6.02×1023 mol1.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 26P

Avogadro’s number is valid for gases at any temperature or pressure value. Thus, the given statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

Avogadro’s law states that equal volume of gas at the same temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules.

At any temperature or pressure value, the number of atoms or molecules in one mol of a substance is equal to Avogadro’s number that is 6.02×1023.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Find if the given statement is true or false.

“The ideal gas law is PV=nRT ”.

Concept Introduction:

Mathematically, Ideal gas law states that:

PV=nRT

Where,

P= Pressure of the gas in atmospheres (atm).

V= Volume of the gas in litres (l).

n= Amount of the gas in moles (mOl).

R= Ideal gas constant.

T= Temperature of the gas in kelvins (K).

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 26P

The ideal gas law is PV=nRT. Thus, the given statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

The ideal gas law is PV=nRT

Mathematically, Ideal gas law states that:

PV=nRT.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

Find if the given statement is true or false.

“When using the ideal gas law for calculations, temperature must be in degrees Celsius.”

Concept Introduction:

Mathematically, Ideal gas law states that:

PV=nRT

Where,

P= Pressure of the gas in atmospheres (atm).

V= Volume of the gas in litres (l).

n= Amount of the gas in moles (mOl).

R= Ideal gas constant.

T= Temperature of the gas in kelvins (K).

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 26P

When using the ideal gas law for calculations, temperature must be in Kelvin. Thus, the given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

When we are using ideal gas law for calculations, temperature must be in Kelvin. The temperature can never be in Celsius. This is because 0C will result in wrong answer and it corresponds to 273.15K, which will give the correct answer.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

Find if the given statement is true or false.

“If one mole of ethane gas occupies 20.0 L at 1.00atm, the temperature of the gas is 244K ”.

Concept Introduction:

Mathematically, Ideal gas law states that:

PV=nRT

Where,

P= Pressure of the gas in atmospheres (atm).

V= Volume of the gas in litres (l).

n= Amount of the gas in moles (mOl).

R= Ideal gas constant.

T= Temperature of the gas in kelvins (K).

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 26P

If one mole of ethane gas occupies 20.0 L at 1.00atm, the temperature of the gas is 244K. Thus, the given statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

We have P=1atm, V=20.0L and R=0.0821L.atm.mol1.K1, n=1

We know that, as per ideal gas law, PV=nRT

Now, we need to calculate volume.

Substituting the values, we get.

(1atm)(20.0L)=(1mol)(0.0821 L.atm.mol1.K1)T

T=(1 atm)(20.0 L)(1 mol)(0.0821 L.atm.mol1.K1)

T=243.6K244K

Hence, if one mole of ethane gas occupies 20.0 L at 1.00 atm, the temperature of the gas is 244 K.

Interpretation Introduction

(i)

Interpretation:

Find if the given statement is true or false.

“One mole of helium gas at STP occupies twice the volume of one mole of hydrogen”.

Concept Introduction:

According to Avogadro’s law states that equal volume of gas at the same temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 26P

One mole of helium gas at STP occupies same the volume of one mole of hydrogen. Thus, the given statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

One mole of helium gas at STP occupies twice the volume of one mole of hydrogen

According to Avogadro’s law, equal volume of gas at the same temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules We have one mole of helium gas at STP and one mole of hydrogen gas at STP.

One mole of any substance will occupy 22.4 L.

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Chapter 5 Solutions

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry

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