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Concept explainers
Acetylene
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Interpretation:
The balanced equation for the given reaction is to be written and the maximum amount of heat that can be obtained from the combustion of acetylene is to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
The standard enthalpy for a reaction is the amount of enthalpy change which occurs at standard conditions.
The standard enthalpy of a reaction is to be determined by using the equation as given below:
Here, the stoichiometric coefficients are represented by m for the reactants and n for the products. The enthalpy of formation at standard conditions is represented by
The value of enthalpy of formation of an element is zero at its most stable state.
In one joule, there are
Conversion factor for J to kJ is
Answer to Problem 135AP
Solution:
(a)
(b)
Explanation of Solution
a) An equation for reaction.
The reaction of calcium carbide with water in order to form acetylene is as follows:
Now, balance this equation to obtain the balanced chemical equation as shown below:
Hence, the balanced chemical equation is:
Given information: Mass,
b) The maximum amount of heat that can be obtained from the combination of acetylene, starting with
The combustion of acetylene takes place as follows:
The enthalpy of formation of oxygen gas is zero because it is in the most stable form.
From appendix 2,
Calculate the standard enthalpy of reaction as follows:
Substitute
This enthalpy is required for the formation of
of
The molar mass of
is
Th mass of
Calculate the number of moles as follows:
Substitute
One mol of
is equal to number of moles of
Calculate the amount of heat required when
In one kilojoule, there are
Convert kilojoule to joule as follows:
Hence, the heat produced from combustion of acetylene is
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