Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The curve arrow should be drawn for showing the movement of electrons and also the product of the reaction has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Nucleophile: A Nucleophile carries electron pair (negative charged anion) on the molecule and it attacks the positive charged ions to form a
Electrophile: Electrophiles are neutral or positively charged species having empty orbitals that are attract by the electron rich centre.
Carbocation: Carbocation is a positive charged species and vital intermediate in
(b)
Interpretation:
The curve arrow should be drawn for showing the movement of electrons and also the product of the reaction has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Nucleophile: A Nucleophile carries electron pair (negative charged anion) on the molecule and it attacks the positive charged ions to form a chemical bond in reaction.
Electrophile: Electrophiles are neutral or positively charged species having empty orbitals that are attract by the electron rich centre.
Carbocation: Carbocation is a positive charged species and vital intermediate in organic synthesis and its movement depends on the stability of the intermediate and the product formation.
Carbanion: Carbanion is a negative charged species and vital intermediate in organic synthesis and its movement depends on the stability of the intermediate and the product formation.
(c)
Interpretation:
The curve arrow should be drawn for showing the movement of electrons and also the product of the reaction has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Nucleophile: A Nucleophile carries electron pair (negative charged anion) on the molecule and it attacks the positive charged ions to form a chemical bond in reaction.
Electrophile: Electrophiles are neutral or positively charged species having empty orbitals that are attract by the electron rich centre.
Carbocation: Carbocation is a positive charged species and vital intermediate in organic synthesis and its movement depends on the stability of the intermediate and the product formation.
Carbanion: Carbanion is a negative charged species and vital intermediate in organic synthesis and its movement depends on the stability of the intermediate and the product formation.
(d)
Interpretation:
The curve arrow should be drawn for showing the movement of electrons and also the product of the reaction has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Nucleophile: A Nucleophile carries electron pair (negative charged anion) on the molecule and it attacks the positive charged ions to form a chemical bond in reaction.
Electrophile: Electrophiles are neutral or positively charged species having empty orbitals that are attract by the electron rich centre.
Carbocation: Carbocation is a positive charged species and vital intermediate in organic synthesis and its movement depends on the stability of the intermediate and the product formation.
(e)
Interpretation:
The curve arrow should be drawn for showing the movement of electrons and also the product of the reaction has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Nucleophile: A Nucleophile carries electron pair (negative charged anion) on the molecule and it attacks the positive charged ions to form a chemical bond in reaction.
Electrophile: Electrophiles are neutral or positively charged species having empty orbitals that are attract by the electron rich centre.
Carbocation: Carbocation is a positive charged species and vital intermediate in organic synthesis and its movement depends on the stability of the intermediate and the product formation.
Carbanion: Carbanion is a negative charged species and vital intermediate in organic synthesis and its movement depends on the stability of the intermediate and the product formation.
(f)
Interpretation:
The curve arrow should be drawn for showing the movement of electrons and also the product of the reaction has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Nucleophile: A Nucleophile carries electron pair (negative charged anion) on the molecule and it attacks the positive charged ions to form a chemical bond in reaction.
Electrophile: Electrophiles are neutral or positively charged species having empty orbitals that are attract by the electron rich centre.
Carbocation: Carbocation is a positive charged species and vital intermediate in organic synthesis and its movement depends on the stability of the intermediate and the product formation.
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EP ESSENTIAL ORG.CHEM.-MOD.MASTERING
- Explain how you can tell from the energy diagram that the reaction with the catalyst in Fig. 8.4 isfaster than the reaction without the catalyst.arrow_forwardDetermine the major product of the reaction.arrow_forwardHeterolysis of the C–Z bond can generate a carbocation or a carbanion. Explain How ?arrow_forward
- See attached file ?arrow_forwardDraw the most stable resonance form for the intermediate in the following electrophilic substitution reaction. CH3 CH3 CH3COCI/ AICI3 H₂C. You do not have to consider stereochemistry. Include all valence lone pairs in your answer. • In cases where there is more than one answer, just draw one.arrow_forwardDraw the products of the reaction shown. Electron flow is indicated with curved arrows. H₂C CI:arrow_forward
- Draw a reaction coordinate diagram for the reaction. (Hint: An alkyl halide is more stable than an alkene.) Draw the structure of the intermediate/s and their location/s in the above reaction coordinate diagram.arrow_forwardDraw the complete pi MO picture and energy diagram for each reactant in the reaction below. Use the MO diagram to predict products obtained (if any) under thermochemical and photochemical conditions and describe why they are obtained.arrow_forwardDraw an energy diagram for a reaction in which the products are higher in energy than the starting materials and Ea is large. Clearly label all of the following on the diagram: the axes, the starting materials, the products, the transition state,?H°, and Ea.arrow_forward
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