Explanation Given: The differential equation is y ″ = 5 x − 1 y ′ − 13 x − 2 y . Approach: If a n y ( n ) + a n − 1 y ( n − 1 ) + ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ + a 1 y ( 1 ) + a 0 = p ( t ) , then y = y c +y p . Here, y c denotes the complementary solution, y p denotes the particular solution. The complementary solution is the solution of the differential equation a n y ( n ) + a n − 1 y ( n − 1 ) + ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ + a 1 y ( 1 ) + a 0 = 0 . The particular solution is the possible linear combinations of the function p ( t ) . The auxiliary equation of a differential equation a n y ( n ) + a n − 1 y ( n − 1 ) + ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ + a 1 y ( 1 ) + a 0 is a n r n + a n − 1 r n − 1 + ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ + a 1 r 1 + a 0 ... ( 1 ) . Here, y ( n ) denotes the n th derivative of y . If x = a is a zero of the polynomial a n x n + a n − 1 x n − 1 + ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ + a 1 x 1 + a 0 , then ( x − a ) is a factor of the polynomial ... ( 2 ) . If the auxiliary equation has complex roots r 1 = a + b i , r 2 = a − b i then the solution of the differential equation is y = A e a t cos b t + B e a t sin b t ... ( 3 ) Calculation: The differential equation is y ″ = 5 x − 1 y ′ − 13 x − 2 y . Let x = e t . Differentiate the above equation with respect to t . d x d t = e t Now, d y d x = d y d t d x d t Substitute e t for d x d t in the above equation. d y d x = d y d t e t = d y d t e − t Differentiate it with respect to x on both sides. d 2 y d x 2 = d d x ( d y d t e − t ) = d d t ( d y d t e − t ) d t d x = e − t d d t ( d y d t e − t ) = e − t ( d y d t ( − e − t ) + e − t × d 2 y d t 2 )

Fundamentals of Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems

7th Edition

ISBN: 9780321977106

Author: Nagle, R. Kent

Publisher: Pearson Education, Limited

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Differential Equations

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Fundamentals of Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems

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A general solution to the differential equation

Solution Summary: The author explains that the differential equation is y=C_1x3mathrmcosleft, and the complementary solution is the solution.

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To find:

A general solution to the differential equation