Biology
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188121
Author: Peter Stiling, Robert Brooker, Linda Graham, Eric Widmaier
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 49, Problem 7TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Waste materials such as excess
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The forces that oppose glomerular filtration are:
W. osmotic force of proteins in the glomerular capillariesX. blood pressure in the glomerular capillariesY. fluid pressure in Bowman’s capsuleZ. ATP-dependent processes in the nephron
Select one:
a.
if only W, X and Y are correct
b.
if only W and Y are correct
c.
if only X and Z are correct
d.
if only Z is correct
e.
if all are correct
All of the following statements about Juxtamedullary nephrons are correct EXCEPT
their glomeruli lie in the renal medulla.
a.
b.
are important in the ability of the kidneys to concentrate urine.
C.
Their loops of Henle dip deep into the medulla.
d.
they are not the predominant type of nephron found in human kidneys.
Vasa recta.surround the tubule of the nephron.
e.
Which one of the following statements is false?a. Blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries is greater than the osmotic pressure exerted by proteins in the plasma within the glomerular capillaries.b. If the osmotic pressure exerted by solutes in the peritubular capillaries is greater than the blood pressure in those capillaries, then water will be reabsorbed.c. Endothelial cells in glomerular capillaries are highly permeable, facilitating filtration of fluid into Bowman’s capsule.d. Constriction of the afferent arteriole is likely to reduce the volume of filtrate appearing in Bowman’s capsule.e. The efferent arteriole carries blood from the glomerular capillaries directly to the renal vein.0.5 pointsQuestion 2Your doctor calls with the results of your urinalysis and tells you that they found proteinuria, the presence of abnormal amounts of protein in your urine sample. What could have caused this?a. Infection and inflammation in the kidney.b. Abnormally high concentration of plasma…
Chapter 49 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 49.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 49.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 49.1 - What symptoms are sometimes seen in athletes after...Ch. 49.1 - Prob. 2EQCh. 49.1 - Prob. 3EQCh. 49.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 49.3 - Core Skill: Connections In what other organ is a...Ch. 49.3 - Prob. 2BCCh. 49.4 - Prob. 1BCCh. 49 - Prob. 1TY
Ch. 49 - Prob. 2TYCh. 49 - Prob. 3TYCh. 49 - Prob. 4TYCh. 49 - Prob. 5TYCh. 49 - Prob. 6TYCh. 49 - Prob. 7TYCh. 49 - Prob. 8TYCh. 49 - Prob. 9TYCh. 49 - Prob. 10TYCh. 49 - Define nitrogenous waste, and list the main types...Ch. 49 - List and describe the three processes involved in...Ch. 49 - Prob. 3CQCh. 49 - Prob. 1COQCh. 49 - Briefly discuss the parts and functions of the...
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- Which of the following does not contribute to the high salt concentration in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla? (a) active transport of sodium from the upper part of the ascending limb (b) diffusion of salt from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle (c) reabsorption of salt from various regions of Bowmans capsule (d) counterflow of fluid through the two limbs of the loop of Henle (e) diffusion of urea out of the collecting ductarrow_forwardAs the text noted, two-thirds of the water and solutes that the body reclaims by reabsorption in nephrons occurs in the proximal tubule. Proximal tubule cells have large numbers of mitochondria and demand a great deal of oxygen. Explain why.arrow_forwardExcretion of a hypertonic urine in humans is associated best witha. the glomerular capsule.b. the proximal convoluted tubule.c. the loop of the nephron.d. the collecting duct.e. Both c and d are correct.arrow_forward
- At which of these sites is the osmolality of the filtrate at its lowest(lowest concentration)?a. glomerular capillary d. initial section of the distalb. proximal convoluted tubule convoluted tubulec. bend of the loop of Henle e. collecting ductarrow_forwardWhich of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate? Select one: a. Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole b. An increase in osmotic pressure in the Bowman capsule c. A drop in colloid osmotic pressure d. Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole e. Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriolearrow_forwardAs effective filtration pressure increases: A. Glomerula filtration rate decreases. B. Filtrate production decreases. C. Gas exchange in the lungs increases. D. Reabsorption decreases in the nephron.arrow_forward
- Na+ ions are actively transported out of the tubules to help set up the countercurrent multiplier. Which of the following are sites of active Na+ ion transport in the nephron? Select one: a. Thin ascending limb of the loop of Henle, distal tubule b. Thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, collecting duct c. Thin ascending limb of the loop of Henle, thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle d. Collecting duct, descending limb of the loop of Henle e. Proximal tubule, thick ascending limb of the loop of Henlearrow_forwardExcretory systems produce a final excreted product through A. vesicular packaging of nitrogenous wastes. B. proteolytic cleavage of amino acids. C. filtration of lymphatic fluids. D. de novo synthesis in the nephron of urea or uric acid. E. some combination of filtration, secretion and reabsorption.arrow_forwardthe proximal convoluted tubule is Select one: a. impermeable to water. b. permeable to water if ADH is present. c. the site of glucose and amino acid reabsorption. d. lined with epithelial cells that lack microvilli. e. the site of water secretion.arrow_forward
- The primary purpose of kidney autoregulatory is to: 1a prevent wide fluctuations in the GFR and inappropriate fluctuations in salt and water excretion prevent proteinurea b. prevent hypotension C. d. prevent tubuloglomerular feedbackarrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys? a. Regulation of plasma (NA+) b. Secretion of a hormone that affects hematocrit c. Gluconeogenesis d. Secretion of a hormone that acts to decrease mean arterial pressure e. Metabolism of Vitamin Darrow_forwardGlomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) can be regulated by individual nephrons..which of the following represent the structures that play a role in this "Tubulo-Glomerular Feedback" mechanism? 45. ies, that A. The Corpus-Callosum and the Macula Densa. B. The Juxta-Glomerular Apparatus C. The Supra-Bowmanic Recipricator D. The Osmotic Filament Feedback Modulearrow_forward
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