Chapter 4.9, Problem 4.18CP

Program Plan Intro

Logic operators:

Logical operators are used perform the logical operations between two variables. Logical operator are used to connect two relational expressions into one or used to reverse the logic of the expression.

• The logic operators are AND “&&”, OR “||”, NOT “!”:
  • Logical operator AND “&&” is used to determine whether the range is inside the specified numeric range.
  • Logical operator OR “||” is used to determine whether the range is outside the specified numeric range.
  • The logical operator NOT “!” is used to reverse the operands, if the returned value is true it is converted to false and vice versa.

AND “&&” operator:

It is used in connecting two conditional expressions, which can be represented as single expression. It works when both conditions are evaluated as “true”. When both conditions are evaluated to “true”, then the complete expression is evaluated as “true”.

Truth table of AND “&&” operator:

Expression 1	Expression 2	Value of complete expression
True(1)	True(1)	True(1)
True(1)	False(0)	False(0)
False(0)	True(1)	False(0)
False(0)	False(0)	False(0)

OR “||”operator:

It is used in connecting two conditional expressions, which can be represented as single expression. It works when one conditions is evaluated to “true”. When one condition is evaluated to “true”, then the complete expression is evaluated as “true”. 

Truth table of “||” operator:

Expression 1	Expression 2	Value of complete expression
True(1)	True(1)	True(1)
True(1)	False(0)	True(1)
False(0)	True(1)	True(1)
False(0)	False(0)	False(0)

NOT “!” operator:

The logical operator “!” is used to reverse the operands truth or false hood. When the given expression is “true” it will negate the given expression to “false” or vice versa.

Truth table of “!” operator:

Given expression	Output expression
!True(1)	False(0)
!False(0)	True(1)