
Concept explainers
To review:
To suggest a strategy for the improvement of one’s performance in a long-distance marathon.
Given:
In the given study, trained cyclists were asked to perform strenuous exercises until fatigued (Table 1). Each of them was given placebo in the interval of 20 minutes. The next day, each of them was given glucose water, after every 20 minutes. The time to fatigue, the muscle glycogen levels, the blood free-fatty acid levels, and the carbohydrate oxidation rate in the blood were measured.
Table 1: Study performed on trained cyclists about strenuous exercises.
Treatment | At 0 hours, the muscle glycogen levels | At the end of 2 hours, the muscle glycogen levels | At the end of 3 hours, the muscle glycogen levels | At the end of 4 hours, the muscle glycogen levels | The time to fatigue |
Placebo (flavored water) | 163±13 | 60±9 | 37±5 | No data | 3.02±0.19 |
Glucose solution | 173±11 | 71±11 | 44±12 | 39±8 | 0.33 |
Introduction:
When an athlete is training for endurance exercise, they undergo repeated muscle contractions. There is a limit on how long the exercise can be carried on, depending on the time it takes for the muscles to get fatigued. One important factor that leads to the sustainability of muscles activity in such long duration exercises is the kind of

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Chapter 47 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
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