Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305073951
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 46, Problem 2DAA
Summary Introduction
To determine: The number of times carbon dioxide reached a level during 400, 000 B.C. and 0 A.D comparable to that measured in 1980.
Introduction: The carbon dioxide concentration is rising, and the present-day concentration is the highest in 15 million years. It is more because of the result of human activities that contributed to an increase in the carbon dioxide level in Earth’s atmosphere. The major contribution is by burning of fossil fuels that releases high amount of carbon in the atmosphere. This impacts the climate and ecosystems.
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Which of the following statements about atmospheric carbon dioxide levels is correct?
For about 800,000 years prior to human influence it varied between 180 and 300 ppm and is now above 410 ppm.
For about 800,000 years prior to human influence it never exceeded 200 ppm.
Its rate of increase in the past century is greater than any seen in the ice core record.
Both 1 & 3
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Carbon is released from organisms as part of cellular respiration. If the organism lives on land, what part of the biosphere is the carbon released into?
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Chapter 46 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 46 - In most ecosystems, the primary producers use...Ch. 46 - Organisms at the lowest trophic level in a...Ch. 46 - Prob. 3SQCh. 46 - Prob. 4SQCh. 46 - Efficiency of energy transfers in aquatic...Ch. 46 - Prob. 6SQCh. 46 - Earths largest carbon reservoir is _______. a. the...Ch. 46 - Carbon is released into the atmosphere by _____ a....Ch. 46 - Prob. 1DAACh. 46 - Prob. 2DAA
Ch. 46 - Changes in the Air To assess the impact of human...Ch. 46 - Changes in the Air To assess the impact of human...Ch. 46 - Prob. 9SQCh. 46 - The _____ cycle is a sedimentary cycle. a....Ch. 46 - Earths largest phosphorus reservoir is _______. a....Ch. 46 - Prob. 12SQCh. 46 - Nitrogen fixation converts _______ to _______. a....Ch. 46 - Prob. 14SQCh. 46 - Prob. 15SQCh. 46 - Marguerite plants a vegetable garden in Maine....Ch. 46 - Where does your drinking water come from? An...Ch. 46 - Scientists study bubbles trapped in ancient...Ch. 46 - Nitrogen-fixing bacteria live throughout the...Ch. 46 - As noted in Section 46.7, mycorrhizal fungi help...
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- Changes in the Air To assess the impact of human activity on the carbon dioxide level in Earth's atmosphere, it helps to take a long view. One useful data set comes from deep core samples of Antarctic ice. The oldest ice core that has been fully analyzed dates back a bit more than 400,000 years. Air bubbles trapped in the ice provide information about the gas content in Earth's atmosphere at the time the ice formed. Combining ice core data with more recent direct measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxideas in FIGURE 46.20can help scientists put current changes in the atmospheric carbon dioxide into historical perspective. FIGURE 46.20 Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels (in parts per million). Direct measurements began in 1980. Earlier data are based on ice cores. The industrial revolution occurred around 1800. What was the trend in carbon dioxide level in the 800 years prior to this event? What about in the 175 years after it?arrow_forwardChanges in the Air To assess the impact of human activity on the carbon dioxide level in Earth's atmosphere, it helps to take a long view. One useful data set comes from deep core samples of Antarctic ice. The oldest ice core that has been fully analyzed dates back a bit more than 400,000 years. Air bubbles trapped in the ice provide information about the gas content in Earth's atmosphere at the time the ice formed. Combining ice core data with more recent direct measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxideas in FIGURE 46.20can help scientists put current changes in the atmospheric carbon dioxide into historical perspective. FIGURE 46.20 Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels (in parts per million). Direct measurements began in 1980. Earlier data are based on ice cores. 4. Was the rise in the carbon dioxide level between 1800 and 1975 larger or smaller than the rise between 1980 and 2013?arrow_forward1Which of the following is NOT a consequence of global climate change? coral bleaching more ice at the North and South Poles increases in diseases such as malaria and dengue fever rising sea levels 2How do scientists determine the atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide that existed on Earth hundreds or thousands of years ago? They deduce it from the carbon dioxide content of fossil fuels. They measure it from bubbles of gas trapped in Antarctic ice cores. They estimate it from the numbers of carbon-based life forms that existed over time. They calculate carbon dioxide levels from the temperature records. Scientists do not know the atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide thousands of years ago. 3The two factors that are responsible for the climate of an area are: the number and size of different kinds of species the position of the area in relation to island chains the elevation of the area, and its tree cover the amount of rainfall and temperature. the…arrow_forward
- Carbon can be sequestered in the ocean in a variety of forms. Discuss the different forms, their biological sources, and how global warming will influence themarrow_forwardThe numbers of the bottom of the chart represents the number of years. What do you think is/are the reasons on the rise and decline of oxygen levels on earth as years go by?arrow_forwardCompare the changes in Earth's past and present atmosphere Earth's early atmosphere Earth's atmosphere today Traces of nitrogen, ammonia, methane Traces of carbon dioxide, water vapour, ammonia, methane 4% water vapour 21% oxygen 95% 78% carbon dioxide nitrogen Average surface temperature above 400°C Average surface temperature 20 °Carrow_forward
- The three images below are snapshots of the atmospheric CO2 concentration in May, July, and September of a year. To interpret the CO2 concentration: blue/green/yellow indicates lower to medium CO2 concentrations and red/maroon/pink indicates medium-high to highest CO2 concentrations. Question: Which of the phenomena described below best explains why CO2 concentrations are lowest in the summer when compared to the spring or fallI/winter? 2006 / 05 / 09 NASA 2006 / 07 / 12 Canon Den ano n n Cat C m e NASA Global Medeling and Assinilten Offoe Cate ae 2006 / 11 / 13 Gobal Modeling and Assimiation Ofice NASA O Higher rates of plant and algae growth in summer lead to higher photosynthesis rates O Less fossil fuels are emitted by humans in the summer O More cars are driven by humans in the summer O Lower rates of plant and algae growth in summer lead to decreased rates of photosynthesisarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements accurately describes water vapor? The liquid phase of water is water vapor Water vapor is the water's solid phase. Water vapor is water in its gaseous state All of the above The zone composed of air, water, and soil is referred to as Atmosphere Biosphere Hydrosphere Lithosphere 3.Do greenhouse gases serve any purpose on Earth? No, they merely block a portion of the Sun's rays. They do, in fact, keep the Earth warm. Yes, they do maintain all of the gases on our planet in place. No, they merely contribute to catastrophic climate change.arrow_forwardWhy is carbon dioxide the focus of so much attention regarding climate change? What are the main sources of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and what can we do to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? Bring into your discussion the carbon cycle, a discussion of Venus and Mercury, the evidence for human impact on carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere and its impact on climate (refer to any graphs you need to), and ways in which scientists have recommended limiting climate change.arrow_forward
- Describe one way in which changes in the biosphere can cause changes in the climate system. Next, suggest one way in which the biosphere is affected by changes in some other part of the climate system. Finally indicate one way in which the biosphere records changes in the climate system. Reference page 409 in atmosphere an intro toarrow_forwardcompare the attached diagrams and include a detailed analysis of the diagramsarrow_forwardOzone in the upper atmosphere is depleted when it reacts with nitrogen oxides. The rates of the reactions of nitrogen oxides with ozone are important factors in deciding how significant these reactions are in the formation of the ozone hole over Antarctica as shown. One such reaction is the combination of nitric oxide, NO, with ozone, O3:arrow_forward
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