Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305073951
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 44, Problem 2CT
The age structure diagrams for two hypothetical populations are shown below. Describe the growth rate of each population and discuss the current and future social and economic problems that each is likely to face.
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Two stable populations employ the same fertility schedule, but different mortality schedule. In both
populations, 20% of women between exact ages 45-55 bear a
female child annually. No child bearing occurs outside this span. In population A, there is no
mortality until age 100 where all who reached age perish.
In population B, 1% of each cohort dies within each single year of age with no
survivors beyond age 100. Compute GRR, GRR and r for each population.
ii)
Determine the birth and death rate of each.
Sketch the age distribution of each.
All of the following conclusions can be made about the population represented in the above age pyramid EXCEPT
Select one:
a. the wide base indicates a high birth rate
b. death rates are only high in extreme old age
c. the steep sides show the death rate is high for both the young and adults
d. life expectancy is low with few people reaching old age
The following equation is used to calculate the population growth rate, Ro, per generation from a life
table. Iy is survival probability from birth to age x and my is fecundity at age x.
Ro = Elkm
Multiplying ly and my and summing it over all age categories in the life table gives the population growth
rate per generation because:
Calculating the reproductive output for each age class requires considering the survival probability to
that age (a dead individual does not reproduce) and the fecundity at that age by multiplying them
with each other. Summing over reproductive output for all age classes gives the total per capita
growth rate of the population
The fecundity at each age is lower when the survival is higher because of energy constraints.
Multiplying probability of survival and fecundity in each age class takes this trade-off into account.
Summing over reproductive output for all age classes gives the total per capita growth rate of the
population
The resulting type of growth…
Chapter 44 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 44 - Most commonly, individuals of a population show a...Ch. 44 - Prob. 2SQCh. 44 - Suppose 200 fish are marked and released in a...Ch. 44 - Prob. 1DAACh. 44 - Prob. 2DAACh. 44 - Iguana Decline In 1987, Martin Wikelski began a...Ch. 44 - Prob. 4SQCh. 44 - For a given species, the maximum rate of increase...Ch. 44 - Prob. 6SQCh. 44 - A life history pattern is a set of adaptations...
Ch. 44 - The human population is now about 7 billion. It...Ch. 44 - Prob. 9SQCh. 44 - Prob. 10SQCh. 44 - Prob. 11SQCh. 44 - Prob. 12SQCh. 44 - Match each term with its most suitable...Ch. 44 - Think back to Section 44.6. When researchers moved...Ch. 44 - The age structure diagrams for two hypothetical...
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