Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305073951
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 44, Problem 10SQ
Summary Introduction
Concept introduction: Population genetics describes the natural selection by defining the species adaptations to their environment. Natural selection is a process in which the organisms adapt to the environment by means of reproduction that selectively have changes in its genotypes. This influences the number of offspring and its life histories.
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Some females seem to prefer the green colouration and some females seem to prefer the blue colouration. What type of selection is this an example of?
a. stabilizing
b. balancing
c. directional
d. diversifying
The Grants have studied finches on the Galapagos Islabds for 40+ years. During times of drought there is less green/flowering vegetation available as a good source for the finches. This leaves only the hard seeds. The grants have found that during drought, finches with larger beaks survive at a higher rate because they can access food source. This would be an example of ____
A.Selective pressure
B. good genes hypothesis
C. handicap principle
D. population variation
Birds with average-sized wings survive storms better than those with longer wings or shorter wings. This illustrates _____.
a
directional selection
b
disruptive selection
c
the bottleneck effect
d
stabilizing selection
Chapter 44 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 44 - Most commonly, individuals of a population show a...Ch. 44 - Prob. 2SQCh. 44 - Suppose 200 fish are marked and released in a...Ch. 44 - Prob. 1DAACh. 44 - Prob. 2DAACh. 44 - Iguana Decline In 1987, Martin Wikelski began a...Ch. 44 - Prob. 4SQCh. 44 - For a given species, the maximum rate of increase...Ch. 44 - Prob. 6SQCh. 44 - A life history pattern is a set of adaptations...
Ch. 44 - The human population is now about 7 billion. It...Ch. 44 - Prob. 9SQCh. 44 - Prob. 10SQCh. 44 - Prob. 11SQCh. 44 - Prob. 12SQCh. 44 - Match each term with its most suitable...Ch. 44 - Think back to Section 44.6. When researchers moved...Ch. 44 - The age structure diagrams for two hypothetical...
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- match the following: ______ Adaptation a. random change in allele frequencies in a population ______ Mutation b. trait that allows an organism to survive in their environment ______ Genetic Drift c. Surviving members have different allele frequencies ______ Founder Effect d. Variation, competition and adaptation are necessary ______ Population Bottleneck e. change in a base pair of DNA that may affect an individual’s fitness ______ Natural Selection f. Founding members of a population having unique allele frequenciesarrow_forwardAtlantic cod have experienced decades of overharvesting. As a result, the age of maturity of Atlantic cod populations have decreased, so that fish today reach sexual maturity early – at significantly smaller sizes than fish 50 years ago. From this, we can interpret that populations of Atlantic cod are experiencing. A. Directional selection B. frequency dependent Selection C. Disruptive Selection D. Genetic Drift E. Stabilizing Selection 2. In 1958, the average age to sexual maturity in the Atlantic cod population was 7.0 years. In 1959 there was a particularly large harvest of the Atlantic cod population. Fish that bred successfully that year had an average age of sexual maturity of 6.0 years. The difference between these values represents A. Mutation rate B. Selection Differential C. Response to selection D. Heritability 3. The difference in age at sexual maturity between the offspring of the fish that survived the harvest in 1959 (i.e. 6.2 years) and the population average before…arrow_forwardThe Grants have studied finches on the Galapagos Islands for 40+ years. During times of drought, there is less green/flowering vegetation available as a food source for the finches. This leaves only the hard, thorny seeds. The Grants have found that during drought, finches with larger beaks survive at a higher rate because they can access the food source. This would be an example of __________. a. good genes hypothesis b. selective pressure c. handicap principle d. population variationarrow_forward
- Suppose two species of morning glories are reproductively isolated because in one species the flowers bloom in early April and in the other species they flower in mid-May. This would be an example of _______ isolation, which is a form of _______ isolation. a. habitat; prezygotic b. temporal; prezygotic c. temporal; postzygotic d. behavioral; postzygotic e. habitat; postzygoticarrow_forwardWhen males and females of a population look or act differently, it is referred to as ________. a. sexual dimorphism b. sexual selection c. diversifying selection d. a clinearrow_forwardThe best argument for how an unprotected species can evolve to mimic a second protected species (distasteful or noxious) and thus obtain protection is by A. Random changes in the appearance of the unprotected species that lead to increased fitness due to greater similarity with the protected species B. Individuals deciding that they need protection and mutating to look like the protected species C. Individuals changing their diet to increase pigment production to look like the protected species D. Natural selection for more advanced traits that are better to the inferior traits of organisms that do not look like the protected species E. Behavioral modification of the unprotected species to act like the protected speciesarrow_forward
- Define a. mutation b. natural selection c. founder effect d. bottleneck e. gene flow f. nonrandom matingarrow_forwardIt is believed that trichomes give an evolutionary advantage to plants when herbivory is high because the trichomes may be irritating to the animals that feed on these plants. In these situations, the selection pressure would favor plants with more trichomes. The experiment described above mimics this condition. What type of selection is represented here? A. Stabilizing B. Disruptive C. Directional selectionarrow_forwardIdentify the term that best matches the definition or description given. a. selective advantage b. variation f. selective pressure g. artificial selection h. extinct i. c. monoculture d. mimicry e. adaptation fitness j. mutation 71. human selection of particular traits to modify a population 72. structural differences between individuals 73. environmental conditions that select for certain characteristics and select against other characteristics 74. changes to the genetic material of an organism 75. planting of one species in a large area 76. disappear completely from Earth 77. one species looks like another species 78. a behaviour that helps an individual survive and reproduce in a particular environment 79. a genetic advantage that improves an organism's chance of survival 80. genetic contribution to the next generation by successful reproductionarrow_forward
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