DNA is a genetic material consisting of a long stretch of nucleotide sequences with 2 m length. Chromosomes carry genetic or hereditary information from parents to offspring. A complete set of genetic materials (both coding and non-coding regions of DNA) of an organism is called as a genome. The total human genome consists of about 3.1 billion base pairs and nearly 20,000 protein coding genes. Homologous chromosomes carry two forms of a gene in the same locus; these are known as alleles. Dominant (T) and recessive (t) alleles produce different forms of a phenotypic trait. Dominant alleles are mostly responsible for the production of phenotypic traits because they mask the effect of the recessive allele. If individuals carry two identical alleles (TT or tt) of a gene, it is referred to as homozygous and different types of alleles (Tt) of a gene is referred to as heterozygous.

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Chapter 4.4, Problem 16BYGO

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DNA is a genetic material consisting of a long stretch of nucleotide sequences with 2 m length. Chromosomes carry genetic or hereditary information from parents to offspring. A complete set of genetic materials (both coding and non-coding regions of DNA) of an organism is called as a genome. The total human genome consists of about 3.1 billion base pairs and nearly 20,000 protein coding genes.

Homologous chromosomes carry two forms of a gene in the same locus; these are known as alleles. Dominant (T) and recessive (t) alleles produce different forms of a phenotypic trait. Dominant alleles are mostly responsible for the production of phenotypic traits because they mask the effect of the recessive allele. If individuals carry two identical alleles (TT or tt) of a gene, it is referred to as homozygous and different types of alleles (Tt) of a gene is referred to as heterozygous.

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