the rate at which thermal energy is generated when 1 kg of radionuclide 238 Pu emits α-particles.

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Chapter 43, Problem 21P

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the rate at which thermal energy is generated when 1 kg of radionuclide ²³⁸Pu emits α-particles.

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The thermal energy generated when radiation from radionuclides is absorbed in matter can serve as the basis for a small power source for use in satellites, remote weather stations, and other isolated locations. Such radionuclides are manufactured in abundance in nuclear reactors and may be separated chemically from the spent fuel. One suitable radionuclide is 238Pu (T1/2 = 87.7 y), which is an alpha emitter with Q = 5.50 MeV. At what rate is thermal energy generated in 1.00 kg of this material?

The nuclear reactions are used to produce heat, which will vaporize the moderator and thus producing some steam. That steam is then used to make turning a dynamo, producing electricity (a nuclear plant can thus be seen as a weird steam machine). The fission reaction produces an energy of 202.8 MeV. The heat capacity of 1 mol of water is 75.385 J/K. 1) How many fission reactions are needed in order to increase the temperature of 1 mol of water from 65 degrees Fahrenheit to 232 degrees Fahrenheit? 2) Deduce from the previous question that one nuclear reaction allows vaporizing several water molecules. 3) What is the consequence of this effect for the total volume of the reactor? Is it mostly filled with fuel or water?

1.a. A 14-gram ovarian tumor is treated using a sodium phosphate solution in which the phosphorus atoms are the radioative phosphorus-32 isotope with a half-life of 14.3 days and which decays via beta emision (RBE=1) with an energy of 1.71 MeV. Half of the sodium phosphate is absorbed by the tumor and deposits 9.0 J energy into it. The other half of the solution is absorbed throughout the patient's tissues, also depositing 9.0 J of energy into the 50.0 kg of body tissues. i. What is the dose ( in gray and rem) that the tumor receives? ii. What is the dose ( in milligray and rem) that the rest of the tissues receives? b. Photoelectrons from a material with a binding energy of 2.71 eV are ejected by 420-nm photons. Once ejected, how long does it take these electrons to travel 2.50cm to a detected device? c.The heating element in an electric kettle is rated as 2.0kW. If the waterin the kettle is at 1000.0 oC, what volume of water will be converted in to steam in…

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 43, Problem 21P

To determine

To calculate:

the rate at which thermal energy is generated when 1 kg of radionuclide ²³⁸Pu emits α-particles.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 43, Problem 21P

To determine

To calculate:

the rate at which thermal energy is generated when 1 kg of radionuclide ²³⁸Pu emits α-particles.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 43, Problem 21P

To determine

To calculate:

the rate at which thermal energy is generated when 1 kg of radionuclide ²³⁸Pu emits α-particles.

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Answer 5

Chapter 43, Problem 21P

To determine

To calculate:

the rate at which thermal energy is generated when 1 kg of radionuclide ²³⁸Pu emits α-particles.

Answer 6

Chapter 43, Problem 21P

To determine

To calculate:

the rate at which thermal energy is generated when 1 kg of radionuclide ²³⁸Pu emits α-particles.

Answer 7

Chapter 43, Problem 21P

To determine

To calculate:

the rate at which thermal energy is generated when 1 kg of radionuclide ²³⁸Pu emits α-particles.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 9

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Answer 11

Ch. 43 - Prob. 1Q Ch. 43 - Prob. 2Q Ch. 43 - Prob. 3Q Ch. 43 - Prob. 4Q Ch. 43 - Prob. 5Q Ch. 43 - Prob. 6Q Ch. 43 - Prob. 7Q Ch. 43 - Which of these elements is not cooked up by...Ch. 43 - Prob. 9Q Ch. 43 - Prob. 10Q

the rate at which thermal energy is generated when 1 kg of radionuclide 238 Pu emits α-particles.

Solution Summary: The author explains the rate at which thermal energy is generated when radiation from radionuclides is absorbed in matter.

Concept explainers

To calculate:

the rate at which thermal energy is generated when 1 kg of radionuclide ²³⁸Pu emits α-particles.

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Chapter 43 Solutions

the rate at which thermal energy is generated when 1 kg of radionuclide 238 Pu emits α-particles.

Solution Summary: The author explains the rate at which thermal energy is generated when radiation from radionuclides is absorbed in matter.

Concept explainers

To calculate: the rate at which thermal energy is generated when 1 kg of radionuclide 238Pu emits α-particles.

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Chapter 43 Solutions

To calculate:

the rate at which thermal energy is generated when 1 kg of radionuclide ²³⁸Pu emits α-particles.