Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780131495081
Author: Douglas C. Giancoli
Publisher: Addison-Wesley
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Question
Chapter 41, Problem 82GP
(a)
To determine
The reason why the given situation be catastrophic.
(b)
To determine
The percentage to which the mass of proton has to be increased to make the given reaction possible.
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In the analysis of a nuclear reaction, scientists identify the rest masses of all reactants and
products. By applying the equation E = mc, what property of the reaction can be calculated?
O the kinetic energy of each component
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Consider the reaction
92
1
235 + 'n -
148
La +
57
87
Br +
35
n.
Element Atomic Mass (u)
235 U
235.043923
92
1
1.008665
148
La
57
147.932236
87
Br
35
86.92071119
(a) Write the conservation of relativistic energy equation symbolically in terms of the rest energy and the kinetic energy,
setting the initial total energy to the final total energy. (Use the following as necessary: m, m, KE, KE, and c.)
For the nuclear reaction ¹4N + a →p + ¹70 which may also be written as ¹4N(α, p) ¹70, determine the following. (Enter your answers in MeV. Assume atomic masses MN-14 = 14.0031 u, MHe-4 = 4.0026 u,
MH-1 = 1.0078 u, and Mo-17 = 16.9991 u.)
(a) Using classical theory, determine the Coulomb electric potential energy barrier the incident alpha particles must overcome in order to initiate the reaction.
MeV
(b) Using nuclear theory, determine the threshold kinetic energy the incident alpha particles must have in order to initiate the reaction.
MeV
Chapter 41 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
Ch. 41.2 - Prob. 1AECh. 41.2 - Prob. 1BECh. 41.4 - Prob. 1CECh. 41.8 - Prob. 1DECh. 41.8 - Prob. 1EECh. 41.8 - Prob. 1FECh. 41.8 - Prob. 1GECh. 41 - Prob. 1QCh. 41 - Prob. 2QCh. 41 - Prob. 3Q
Ch. 41 - Prob. 4QCh. 41 - Prob. 5QCh. 41 - How do we know there is such a thing as the strong...Ch. 41 - Prob. 7QCh. 41 - What is the experimental evidence in favor of...Ch. 41 - Prob. 9QCh. 41 - Prob. 10QCh. 41 - Prob. 11QCh. 41 - Prob. 12QCh. 41 - Prob. 13QCh. 41 - Prob. 14QCh. 41 - Prob. 15QCh. 41 - When a nucleus undergoes either or + decay, what...Ch. 41 - Prob. 17QCh. 41 - Prob. 18QCh. 41 - Prob. 19QCh. 41 - Prob. 20QCh. 41 - An isotope has a half-life of one month. After two...Ch. 41 - Prob. 22QCh. 41 - Prob. 23QCh. 41 - Prob. 24QCh. 41 - Prob. 25QCh. 41 - Prob. 26QCh. 41 - Prob. 27QCh. 41 - Prob. 28QCh. 41 - Prob. 1PCh. 41 - Prob. 2PCh. 41 - Prob. 3PCh. 41 - Prob. 4PCh. 41 - Prob. 5PCh. 41 - Prob. 6PCh. 41 - Prob. 7PCh. 41 - Prob. 8PCh. 41 - Prob. 9PCh. 41 - Prob. 10PCh. 41 - Prob. 11PCh. 41 - Prob. 12PCh. 41 - Prob. 13PCh. 41 - Prob. 14PCh. 41 - Prob. 15PCh. 41 - Prob. 16PCh. 41 - Prob. 17PCh. 41 - Prob. 18PCh. 41 - Prob. 19PCh. 41 - Prob. 20PCh. 41 - Prob. 21PCh. 41 - Prob. 22PCh. 41 - Prob. 23PCh. 41 - Prob. 24PCh. 41 - Prob. 25PCh. 41 - Prob. 26PCh. 41 - Prob. 27PCh. 41 - Prob. 28PCh. 41 - Prob. 29PCh. 41 - Prob. 30PCh. 41 - Prob. 31PCh. 41 - Prob. 32PCh. 41 - Prob. 33PCh. 41 - Prob. 34PCh. 41 - Prob. 35PCh. 41 - Prob. 36PCh. 41 - Prob. 37PCh. 41 - Prob. 38PCh. 41 - Prob. 39PCh. 41 - Prob. 40PCh. 41 - Prob. 41PCh. 41 - Prob. 42PCh. 41 - Prob. 43PCh. 41 - Prob. 44PCh. 41 - Prob. 45PCh. 41 - Prob. 46PCh. 41 - Prob. 47PCh. 41 - Prob. 48PCh. 41 - Prob. 49PCh. 41 - Prob. 50PCh. 41 - Prob. 51PCh. 41 - Prob. 52PCh. 41 - Prob. 53PCh. 41 - Prob. 54PCh. 41 - Prob. 55PCh. 41 - Prob. 56PCh. 41 - (II) The activity of a radioactive source...Ch. 41 - Prob. 58PCh. 41 - Prob. 59PCh. 41 - Prob. 60PCh. 41 - Prob. 61PCh. 41 - Prob. 62GPCh. 41 - Prob. 63GPCh. 41 - Prob. 64GPCh. 41 - Prob. 65GPCh. 41 - Prob. 66GPCh. 41 - Prob. 67GPCh. 41 - Prob. 68GPCh. 41 - Prob. 69GPCh. 41 - Prob. 70GPCh. 41 - Prob. 71GPCh. 41 - Prob. 72GPCh. 41 - Prob. 73GPCh. 41 - Prob. 74GPCh. 41 - Prob. 75GPCh. 41 - Prob. 76GPCh. 41 - Prob. 77GPCh. 41 - Prob. 78GPCh. 41 - Prob. 79GPCh. 41 - Prob. 80GPCh. 41 - (a) A 72-gram sample of natural carbon contains...Ch. 41 - Prob. 82GPCh. 41 - Prob. 83GPCh. 41 - Prob. 84GPCh. 41 - Almost all of naturally occurring uranium is...Ch. 41 - Prob. 86GPCh. 41 - Prob. 87GPCh. 41 - Prob. 88GPCh. 41 - Prob. 89GPCh. 41 - Prob. 90GP
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- The electrical power output of a large nuclear reactor facility is 900 MW. It has a 35.0% efficiency in converting nuclear power to electrical. (a) What is the thermal nuclear power output in megawatts? (b) How many 235U nuclei fission each second, assuming the average fission produces 200 MeV? (c) What mass of 235U is fissioned in one year of fullpower operation?arrow_forwardIf the rest energies of a proton and a neutron (the two constituents of nuclei) are 938.3 and 939.6 MeV, what is the difference in their mass in kilograms?arrow_forward(a) Write the decay equation for the decay of 235U. (b) What energy is released in this decay? The mass of the daughter nuclide is 231.036298 u. (c) Assuming the residual nucleus is formed in its ground state, how much energy goes to the particle?arrow_forward
- i need the answer quicklyarrow_forwardWhat amount of extra kinetic energy will be released in the reaction n + 235U → 93RB + 9³Rb+ 141 Cs + 2 n? In other words, what is the Q-value of the reaction? The mass of 93Rb is 92.9217 u, the mass of 14 Cs is 140.919 u, the mass of 235U is 235.044 u and the mass of n is 1.00867 u. The 2 value of c² is 931.5 MeV/u. Answer in units of MeV.arrow_forward(Q5): How much energy is released in the following nuclear reaction: n+ U→Sr + Xe + 12 n 136 38 Assume all of the particles are at rest or have very small kinetic energy before and after the reaction. Mass of neutron is 1.008665 u, U: 235.043924 u, Sr: 87.905618 u, and Xe: 135.90721u.arrow_forward
- i need the answer quicklyarrow_forwardGiven the masses of various atomic particles mp = 1.0072 u, mn = 1.0087 u, me = 0.000548 u, mv[bar] = 0, md = 2.0141 u, where p ≡ proton, n ≡ neutron, e ≡ electron, v [bar] ≡ antineutrino and d ≡ deuteron. Which of the following processes is allowed by momentum and energy conservation? 1) n + n deuterium atom (electron bound to the nucleus) 2) e+ + e– → γ 3) p → n + e+ + v [bar] 4) n + p → d + γarrow_forwardConsider the following a-decay of the Uranium nucleus 236 U → 332Th + a. 90 (a) Show how the mass number (Aa) and atomic number (Za) of the alpha particle are obtained from this equation. (b) Calculate the Q-value (Qa) of the reaction. (c) Calculate the speed va = √2MQ of the alpha particle after it has been ejected from the parent nucleus, in terms of the speed of light c. M = -, mp and ma are the atomic masses (ma+mp) x ma mp of the daugher nucleus and the alpha particle, respectively. (d) Calculate the classical turning radius Re= 2Zpe²/Qa, where Zp is the atomic number of the daughter nucleus, and e² = 1.44 MeV. fm. (e) Calculate the decay probability Pa that the alpha particle will tunnel through the barrier. HINT: In calculating the probability, use the fact that ħc=197.327 MeV fm. The formula to use is given on page 5.arrow_forward
- Consider the following decay: 232 U → 228 Th + a . 232 U has a mass of 232.0371562 u, 228 Th has a mass of 228.0287411 u, and a has a mass of 4.002603 u. 92 90 92 90 Determine the disintegration energy (Q-value) in MeV. Q = Determine the KE of the daughter in MeV. KED = Determine the KE of the a particle in MeV & as a factor of Q. KE, = KEa = Qx Determine the speed of the a particle in terms of c. For an a particle, E. = 3.727 GeV. [NOTE: G stands for giga- which means 109 & M stands for mega- which means 10°.] Valpha = XCarrow_forwardA beam of 6.61-MeV protons is incident on a target of 27/13 AI . Those protons that collide with the target produce the reaction (27/14Si has a mass of 26.986 721 u.) Neglecting any recoil of the product nucleus, determine the kinetic energy of the emerging neutrons.arrow_forwardA beam of 6.76 MeV protons is incident on a target of 2713Al. Those that collide produce the following reaction. p + 2713Al 2714Si +1 + n (Neutral 2714Si has mass 26.986705 u.) Ignoring any recoil of the product nucleus, determine the kinetic energy of the emerging neutrons. answer in MeVarrow_forward
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