Concept explainers
Uranium can be isolated from its ores by dissolving it as
Determine the limiting reactant and the percent yield of this reaction.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 4 Solutions
Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
College Physics
Introductory Chemistry (5th Edition) (Standalone Book)
General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
Introductory Chemistry (6th Edition)
Chemistry: The Central Science (13th Edition)
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (3rd Edition)
- Three reactions very important to the semiconductor industry are The reduction of silicon dioxide to crude silicon, SiO2(s) + 2 C(s) → Si(s) + 2 CO(g) ΔrH° = 689.9 kJ/mol The formation of silicon tetrachloride from crude silicon, Si(s) + 2 Cl2(g) → SiCl4(g) ΔrH° = −657.01 kJ/mol The reduction of silicon tetrachloride to pure silicon with magnesium, SiCl4(g) + 2 Mg(s) → 2 MgCl2(s) + Si(s) ΔrH° = −625.6 kJ/mol Calculate the overall enthalpy change when 1.00 mol sand, SiO2, changes into very pure silicon by this series of reactions.arrow_forwardWrite the equation for the reaction, if any, that occurs when each of the following experiments is performed under standard conditions. (a) Crystals of iodine are added to an aqueous solution of potassium bromide. (b) Liquid bromine is added to an aqueous solution of sodium chloride. (c) A chromium wire is dipped into a solution of nickel(II) chloride.arrow_forwardThe presence of arsenic in a sample that may also contain another Group 5A element, antimony, can be confirmed by first precipitating the As3+ and Sb3+ ions as yellow solid As2S3 and orange solid Sb2S3. If aqueous HCI is then added, only Sb2S3 dissolves, leaving behind solid As2S3. The As2S3 can then be dissolved using aqueous HNO3. 3 As2S3(s) + 10 HNO3(aq) + 4 H2O() 6 H3AsO4(aq) + 10 NO(g) + 9 S(s) Finally, the presence of arsenic is confirmed by adding AgNO3 to the solution of H3AsO4 to precipitate a reddish brown solid AgxAsOy The composition of this solid is As, 16.199% and Ag, 69.964%. (a) What are the oxidation numbers of As, S, and N in the reaction of As2S3 with nitric acid? (b) What is the formula of the reddish brown solid AgxAsOy?arrow_forward
- Aluminum is produced commercially by the electrolysis of Al2O3 in the presence of a molten salt. If a plant has a continuous capacity of 1.00 million A, what mass of aluminum can be produced in 2.00 h?arrow_forwardOne of the few industrial-scale processes that produce organic compounds electrochemically is used by the Monsanto Company to produce1,4-dicyanobutane. The reduction reaction is 2CH2CHCH+2H++2eNC(CH2)4CN The NC(CH2)4CN is then chemically reduced using hydrogen gas to H2N(CH2)6NH2, which is used in the production of nylon. What current must be used to produce 150.kg NC(CH2)4CN per hour?arrow_forwardUsing circles to represent cations and squares to represent anions, show pictorially the reactions that occur between aqueous solutions of (a) Fe3+ and OH-. (b) Na+ and PO43-.arrow_forward
- You are given four different aqueous solutions and told that they each contain NaOH, Na2CO3, NaHCO3, or a mixture of these solutes. You do some experiments and gather these data about the samples. Sample A: Phenolphthalein is colorless in the solution. Sample B: The sample was titrated with HCl until the pink color of phenolphthalein disappeared, then methyl orange was added. The solution became pink. Methyl orange changes color from pH 3.01 (red) to pH 4.4 (orange). Sample C: Equal volumes of the sample were titrated with standardized acid. Using phenolphthalein as an indicator required 15.26 mL of standardized acid to change the phenolphthalein color. The other sample required 17.90 mL for a color change using methyl orange as the indicator. Sample D: Two equal volumes of the sample were titrated with standardized HCl. Using phenolphthalein as the indicator, it took 15.00 mL of acid to reach the equivalence point; using methyl orange as the indicator required 30.00 mL HCl to achieve neutralization. Identify the solute in each of the solutions.arrow_forwardThe Ostwald process for the commercial production of nitric acid involves the Following three steps: 4NH3(g)+5O2(g)4NO(g)+6H2O(s)2NO(g)+O2(g)2NO2(g)3NO2(g)+H2O(l)2HNO3(aq)+NO(g) a. Which reaction in the Ostwald process are oxidation-reduction reactions? b. Identify each oxidizing agent and reducing agent.arrow_forwardAccording to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), waste material is classified as toxic and must be handled as hazardous if the lead concentration exceeds 5 mg/L. By adding chloride ion, the lead ion will precipitate as PbCl2, which can be separated from the liquid portion. Once the lead has been removed, the rest of the waste can be sent to a conventional waste treatment facility. How many grams of sodium chloride must be added to 500 L of a waste solution to reduce the concentration of the Pb2+ ion from 10 to 5 mg/L?arrow_forward
- Xenon trioxide, XeO3, reacts with aqueous base to form the xenate anion, HXeO4. This ion reacts further with OH to form the perxenate anion, XeO64, in the following reaction: 2HXeO4(aq)+2OH(aq)XeO64(aq)+Xe(g)+O2(g)+2H2O(l) Identify the elements that are oxidized and reduced in this reaction. You will note that the equation is balanced with respect to the number of atoms on either side. Verify that the redox part of this equation is also balanced, that is, that the extents of oxidation and reduction are also equal.arrow_forwardThe blood alcohol (C2H5OH) level can be determined by titrating a sample of blood plasma with an acidic potassium di-chromate solution, resulting in the production of Cr3+ (aq) and carbon dioxide. The reaction can be monitored because the dichromate ion (Cr2O72) is orange in solution, and the Cr3+ ion is green. The balanced equations is 16H+(aq) + 2Cr2O72(aq) + C2H5OH(aq) 4Cr4+(aq) + 2CO2(g) + 11H2O(l) This reaction is an oxidationreduction reaction. What species is reduced, and what species is oxidized? How many electrons are transferred in the balanced equation above?arrow_forwardWhat is the oxidation number of S in each of the following molecules? a. S2 b. S8 c. H2S d. SO3arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage Learning