University Physics Volume 2
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781938168161
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 61P
The Carnot cycle is represented by the temperature-entropy diagram shown below. (a) How much heat is absorbed per cycle at the high-temperature reservoir? (b) How much heat is exhausted per cycle at the low-temperature reservoir? (c) How much work is done per cycle by the engine? (d) What is the efficiency of the engine?
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
A Carnot engine operates between two temperatures of 300°C and 130°C while absorbing 650 kJ of heat per cycle from the high temperature reserve. (a) What is the efficiency of the engine? and (b) How much work per cycle does this engine perform?
A Carnot refrigeration cycle is used as a reference to estimate the energy required in an attempt to reduce the temperature of a laboratory sample to absolute zero. Suppose you want to remove 0.01 J of energy from the sample that is at 2x10-6K. Calculate how much heat it is required if high temperature is 20°C. With this, what can we say about the increase in laboratory entropy and the decrease in entropy in the sample?
A Carnot engine has a cycle with a high temperature of 900 K and a low temperature of 250 K. If the engine performs 750 J of work each cycle, how much heat does the engine receive from the high temperature reservior in each cycle?
Chapter 4 Solutions
University Physics Volume 2
Ch. 4 - Check Your Understanding What is the efficiency of...Ch. 4 - Check your Understanding Show that QhQh=QcQc for...Ch. 4 - Check Your Understanding A Carnot engine operates...Ch. 4 - Check Your Understanding A Carnot refrigerator...Ch. 4 - Check Your Understanding In Example 4.7, the...Ch. 4 - Check Your Understanding A quantity of heat Q is...Ch. 4 - Check Your Understanding A 50-g copper piece at a...Ch. 4 - State an example of a process that occurs in...Ch. 4 - Explain in practical terms why efficiency is...Ch. 4 - If the refrigerator door is left what happens to...
Ch. 4 - Is it possible for the efficiency of a reversible...Ch. 4 - In the text, we showed that if the Clausius...Ch. 4 - Why don't we operate ocean liners by extracting...Ch. 4 - Discuss the practical advantages and disadvantages...Ch. 4 - The energy output of a heat pump is greater than...Ch. 4 - Speculate as to why nuclear power plants are less...Ch. 4 - An ideal gas goes from state (pi,vi,) to state...Ch. 4 - To increase the efficiency of a Carnot engine,...Ch. 4 - How could you design a Carnot engine with 100%...Ch. 4 - What type of processes occur in a Carnot cycle?Ch. 4 - Does the entropy increase for a Carnot engine for...Ch. 4 - Is it possible for a system to have an entropy...Ch. 4 - Are the entropy changes of the system in the...Ch. 4 - Discuss the entropy changes in the systems of...Ch. 4 - A tank contains 111.0 g chlorine gas l2), which is...Ch. 4 - A mole of ideal monatomic gas at 0 and 1.00 atm...Ch. 4 - A mole of an ideal gas at pressure 4.00 atm and...Ch. 4 - After a free expansion to quadruple its volume, a...Ch. 4 - An engine is found to have an efficiency of 0.40....Ch. 4 - In performing 100.0 J of work, an engine...Ch. 4 - An engine with an efficiency of 0.30 absorbs 500 J...Ch. 4 - It is found that an engine discharges 100.0 J...Ch. 4 - The temperature of the cold reservoir of the...Ch. 4 - An engine absorbs three times as much heat as it...Ch. 4 - A coal power plant consumes 100,000 kg of coal per...Ch. 4 - A refrigerator has a coefficient of performance of...Ch. 4 - During one cycle, a refrigerator removes 500 J...Ch. 4 - If a refrigerator discards 80 J of heat per cycle...Ch. 4 - A refrigerator has a coefficient of performance of...Ch. 4 - The temperature of the cold and hot reservoirs...Ch. 4 - Suppose a Carnot refrigerator operates between Tc...Ch. 4 - A Carnot engine operates between reservoirs at 600...Ch. 4 - A 500-W motor operates a Carnot refrigerator...Ch. 4 - Sketch a Carnot cycle on a temperature-volume...Ch. 4 - A Carnot heat pump operates between 0 and 20 ....Ch. 4 - An engine between heat reservoirs at 20 and 200 ...Ch. 4 - Suppose a Carnot engine can be operated between...Ch. 4 - A Carnot engine is used to measure the temperature...Ch. 4 - What is the minimum work required of a...Ch. 4 - Two hundred joules of heat are removed from a heat...Ch. 4 - In an isothermal reversible expansion at 27 , an...Ch. 4 - An ideal gas at 300 K is compressed isothermally...Ch. 4 - What is the entropy change of 10 g of steam at 100...Ch. 4 - A metal is used to conduct heat between two...Ch. 4 - For the Carnot cycle of Figure 4.12, what is the...Ch. 4 - A 5.0-kg piece of lead at a temperature of 600 is...Ch. 4 - One mole of an ideal gas doubles its volume in a...Ch. 4 - One mole of an ideal monatomic gas is confined to...Ch. 4 - (a) A 5.0-kg rock at a temperature of 20 is...Ch. 4 - A copper rod of cross-sectional area 5.0 cm2 and...Ch. 4 - Fifty grams of water at 20 is heated until it...Ch. 4 - Fifty grams of water at 0 are changed into vapor...Ch. 4 - In an isochoric process, heat is added to 10 mol...Ch. 4 - Two hundred grams of water at 0 is brought into...Ch. 4 - Suppose that the temperature of the water in the...Ch. 4 - Two hundred grams of water at 0 is brought into...Ch. 4 - (a) Ten grams of H2O stats as ice at 0 . The ice...Ch. 4 - The Carnot cycle is represented by the...Ch. 4 - A Carnot engine operating between heat reservoirs...Ch. 4 - A monoatomic ideal gas (n moles) goes through a...Ch. 4 - A Carnot engine has an efficiency of 0.60. When...Ch. 4 - A Carnot engine performs 100 J of work while...Ch. 4 - A Carnot refrigerator exhausts heat to the air,...Ch. 4 - A 300-W heat pump operates between the ground,...Ch. 4 - An engineer must design a refrigerator that does...Ch. 4 - A Carnot engine employs 1.5 mol of nitrogen gas as...Ch. 4 - A 5.0-kg wood block starts with an initial speed...Ch. 4 - A system consisting of 20.0 mol of a monoatomic...Ch. 4 - A glass beaker of mass 400 g contains 500 g of...Ch. 4 - A Carnot engine operates between 550 and 20 ...Ch. 4 - An ideal gas at temperature T is stored in the...Ch. 4 - A 0.50-kg piece of aluminum at 250 is dropped...Ch. 4 - Suppose 20 g of ice at 0 is added to 300 g of...Ch. 4 - A heat engine operates between two temperatures...Ch. 4 - A thermal engine produces 4 MJ of electrical...Ch. 4 - A coal power plant consumes 100,000 kg of coal per...Ch. 4 - A Carnot engine operates in a Carnot cycle between...Ch. 4 - A Carnot engine working between two heat baths of...Ch. 4 - A Carnot cycle working between 100 and 30 is...Ch. 4 - (a) infinitesimal amount of heat is added...Ch. 4 - Using the result of the preceding problem, show...Ch. 4 - With the help of the two preceding problems, show...Ch. 4 - A cylinder contains 500 g of helium at 120 atm and...Ch. 4 - A diatomic ideal gas is brought from an initial...Ch. 4 - The gasoline internal combustion engine operates...Ch. 4 - An ideal diesel cycle is shown below. This cycle...Ch. 4 - Consider an ideal gas Joule cycle, also called the...Ch. 4 - Derive a formula for the coefficient of...Ch. 4 - Two moles of nitrogen gas, with =7/5 for ideal...Ch. 4 - A Carnot refrigerator, working between 0 and 30 ...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
1. Why is the quantum-mechanical model of the atom important for understanding chemistry?
Chemistry: Structure and Properties (2nd Edition)
Explain all answers clearly, with complete sentences and proper essay structure if needed. An asterisk (*) desi...
Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals
2. List the subdivisions of the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.
Human Anatomy & Physiology (2nd Edition)
Match the following examples of mutagens. Column A Column B ___a. A mutagen that is incorporated into DNA in pl...
Microbiology: An Introduction
How do food chains and food webs differ? Which is the more accurate representation of feeding relationships in ...
Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
23. A dolphin emits ultrasound at 100 kHz and uses the timing of reflections to determine the position of objec...
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- An ideal gas is taken from an initial temperature Ti to a higher final temperature Tf along two different reversible paths. Path A is at constant pressure, and path B is at constant volume. What is the relation between the entropy changes of the gas for these paths? (a) SA SB (b) SA = SB (c) SA SBarrow_forwardIs it possible for a system to have an entropy change if it neither absorbs nor emits heat during a reversible? transition? What happens it the process is irreversible?arrow_forwardA cylinder contains 500 g of helium at 120 atm and 20 . The valve is leaky, and all the gas slowly escapes isothermally into the atmosphere. Use the results of the preceding problem to determine the resulting change in entropy of the universe.arrow_forward
- A Carnot engine operates in a Carnot cycle between a heat source at 550 and a heat sink at 20 . Find the efficiency of the Carnot engine.arrow_forwardAssume a sample of an ideal gas is at room temperature. What action will necessarily make the entropy of the sample increase? (a) Transfer energy into it by heat. (b) Transfer energy into it irreversibly by heat. (c) Do work on it. (d) Increase either its temperature or its volume, without letting the other variable decrease. (e) None of those choices is correct.arrow_forwardIf a refrigerator discards 80 J of heat per cycle and its coefficient of performance is 6.0, what are (a) the quantity off heat it removes per cycle from a cold reservoir and (b) the amount of work per cycle required for its operation?arrow_forward
- A heat engine operates between two temperatures such that the working substance of the engine absorbs 5000 J of heat from the high-temperature bath and discharges 3000 J to the low-temperature bath. The rest of the energy is converted into mechanical energy of the turbine. Find (a) the amount of work produced by the engine and (b) the efficiency of the engine.arrow_forwardUse a PV diagram such as the one in Figure 22.2 (page 653) to figure out how you could modify an engine to increase the work done.arrow_forwardAn engine absorbs three times as much heat as it discharges. The work done by the engine per cycle is 50 J. Calculate (a) the efficiency of the engine, (b) the heat absorbed per cycle, and (c) the heat discharged per cycle.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and EngineersPhysicsISBN:9781337553278Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...PhysicsISBN:9781337553292Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...
Physics
ISBN:9781305116399
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Physics
ISBN:9781337553278
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...
Physics
ISBN:9781337553292
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
The Second Law of Thermodynamics: Heat Flow, Entropy, and Microstates; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MrwW4w2nAMc;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY