PRINCIPLES OF MODERN CHEMISTRY-OWLV2
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305271609
Author: OXTOBY
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 4, Problem 60AP
The normalized wave function for a particle in a one-dimensional box in which the potential energy is zero is
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Imagine a particle free to move in the x direction. Which of the following wavefunctions would be acceptable for such a particle? In eachcase, give your reasons for accepting or rejecting each function. (i) Ψ(x)=x2; (ii) Ψ(x)=1/x; (iii) Ψ(x)=e-x^2.
A normalized wavefunction for a particle confined between 0 and L in the x direction is ψ = (2/L)1/2 sin(πx/L). Suppose that L = 10.0 nm. Calculate the probability that the particle is (a) between x = 4.95 nm and 5.05 nm, (b) between x = 1.95 nm and 2.05 nm, (c) between x = 9.90 nm and 10.00 nm, (d) between x = 5.00 nm and 10.00 nm.
P7B.8 A normalized wavefunction for a particle confined between 0 and L in
the x direction, and between 0 and L in the y direction (that is, to a square of
side L) is y = (2/L) sin(Tx/ L) sin(Ty/L). The probability of finding the particle
between x, and x, along x, and between y, and y, along y is
P= "w°dxdy
Calculate the probability that the particle is: (a) between x = 0 and x = L/2, y =
O and y = L/2 (i.e. in the bottom left-hand quarter of the square); (b) between
x = L/4 and x = 3L/4, y = L/4 and y = 3L/4 (i.e. a square of side L/2 centred on
x = y = L/2).
Chapter 4 Solutions
PRINCIPLES OF MODERN CHEMISTRY-OWLV2
Ch. 4 - Some water waves reach the beach at a rate of one...Ch. 4 - The spacing between bands of color in a chemical...Ch. 4 - An FM radio station broadcasts at a frequency of...Ch. 4 - The gamma rays emitted by 60Co are used in...Ch. 4 - Radio waves of wavelength 6.00102m can be used to...Ch. 4 - An argon ion laser emits light of wavelength of...Ch. 4 - The speed of sound in dry air at 20°C is 343.5ms1...Ch. 4 - Ultrasonic waves have frequencies too high to be...Ch. 4 - The maximum in the blackbody radiation intensity...Ch. 4 - Use the data in Figure 4.8 to estimate the ratio...
Ch. 4 - Excited lithium atoms emit light strongly at a...Ch. 4 - Excited mercury atoms emit light strongly at a...Ch. 4 - Barium atoms in a flame emit light as they undergo...Ch. 4 - Potassium atoms in a flame emit light as they...Ch. 4 - The sodium D-line is actually a pair of closely...Ch. 4 - The power output of a laser is measured by its...Ch. 4 - In a FranckHertz experiment on sodium atoms, the...Ch. 4 - In a FranckHertz experiment on hydrogen atoms, the...Ch. 4 - Use the Bohr model to calculate the radius and the...Ch. 4 - He+ ions are observed in stellar atmospheres. Use...Ch. 4 - The radiation emitted in the transition from n=3...Ch. 4 - Prob. 22PCh. 4 - Prob. 23PCh. 4 - When an intense beam of green light is directed...Ch. 4 - Cesium frequently is used in photocells because...Ch. 4 - Alarm systems use the photoelectric effect. A beam...Ch. 4 - Light with a wavelength of 2.50107m falls on the...Ch. 4 - Calculate the maximum wavelength of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 29PCh. 4 - Prob. 30PCh. 4 - Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of the...Ch. 4 - Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 33PCh. 4 - Prob. 34PCh. 4 - (a) The position of an electron is known to be...Ch. 4 - No object can travel faster than the speed of...Ch. 4 - (a) Using Equation 4.36, make a graph of the n=3...Ch. 4 - Using a simple particle-in-a-box model for the...Ch. 4 - Chapter 3 introduced the concept of a double bond...Ch. 4 - When metallic sodium is dissolved in liquid sodium...Ch. 4 - Prob. 41PCh. 4 - Prob. 42PCh. 4 - Prob. 43PCh. 4 - Prob. 44PCh. 4 - A piano tuner uses a tuning fork that emits sound...Ch. 4 - The distant galaxy called Cygnus A is one of the...Ch. 4 - Hot objects can emit blackbody radiation that...Ch. 4 - Compare the energy (in joules) carried by an X-ray...Ch. 4 - The maximum in Planck’s formula for the emission...Ch. 4 - Prob. 50APCh. 4 - When ultraviolet light of wavelength 131 nm...Ch. 4 - Express the speed of the electron in the Bohr...Ch. 4 - Photons are emitted in the Lyman series as...Ch. 4 - Prob. 54APCh. 4 - The energies of macroscopic objects, as well as...Ch. 4 - Prob. 56APCh. 4 - Prob. 57APCh. 4 - It has been suggested that spacecraft could be...Ch. 4 - Prob. 59APCh. 4 - The normalized wave function for a particle in a...Ch. 4 - A particle of mass m is placed in a...
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- What is the physical explanation of the difference between a particle having the 3-D rotational wavefunction 3,2 and an identical particle having the wavefunction 3,2?arrow_forward4. Given these operators A=d/dx and B=x², can you measure the expectation values of the corresponding observables to infinite precision simultaneously?arrow_forwardConsider a 1D particle in a box confined between a = 0 and x = 3. The Hamiltonian for the particle inside the box is simply given by Ĥ . Consider the following normalized wavefunction 2m dz² ¥(2) = 35 (x³ – 9x). Find the expectation value for the energy of the particle inside the box. Give your 5832 final answer for the expectation value in units of (NOTE: h, not hbar!). In your work, compare the expectation value to the lowest energy state of the 1D particle in a box and comment on how the expectation value you calculated for the wavefunction ¥(x) is an example of the variational principle.arrow_forward
- What is the kinetic energy of a particle described by the wavefunction cos(kx)? ħ² d² 2m dx² KEarrow_forwardThe wave function for the ground state of the harmonic oscillator is Vo(x) = Ce-[mw/(2ħ)]x² where C is an arbitrary constant, ħ is Planck's constant divided by 2π, m is the mass of the particle, W = ✓k/m, and k is the "spring constant" for the harmonic oscillator. Part A Normalize this wave function. What is the (positive) value of C once this wave function is normalized? You will need the formula Se -∞ Express your answer in terms of w, m, ħ, and T. ► View Available Hint(s) C = 17 ΑΣΦ xa Xh عات a √x vx 18 X> IXI -ax² X.10n X = ? wwwwwwwwww √. aarrow_forwardConsider a single particle with rest mass m residing in a one-dimensional space, x. This particle experiences a potential energy V(x) = ∞ for x a, and a potential energy V(x) = 0 for 0 < x < a. The solutions to the Schrödinger Equation for this system are 12. 2 Vn(x) : sin a where n is the state's quantum number. Show that the ground state wave function is normalized.arrow_forward
- Consider a fictitious one-dimensional system with one electron.The wave function for the electron, drawn below, isψ (x)= sin x from x = 0 to x = 2π. (a) Sketch the probabilitydensity, ψ2(x), from x = 0 to x = 2π. (b) At what value orvalues of x will there be the greatest probability of finding theelectron? (c) What is the probability that the electron willbe found at x = π? What is such a point in a wave functioncalled?arrow_forwardThe normalized wave function for a particle in a one- dimensional box in which the potential energy is zero is (x) = /2/L sin (nTx/L), where L is the length of the box (with the left wall at x = 0). What is the probability that the particle will lie between x = 0 and x = ticle is in its n = 2 state? L/4 if the par-arrow_forwardConsider the three spherical harmonics (a) Y0,0, (b) Y2,–1, and (c) Y3,+3. (a) For each spherical harmonic, substitute the explicit form of the function taken from Table 7F.1 into the left-hand side of eqn 7F.8 (the Schrödinger equation for a particle on a sphere) and confirm that the function is a solution of the equation; give the corresponding eigenvalue (the energy) and show that it agrees with eqn 7F.10. (b) Likewise, show that each spherical harmonic is an eigenfunction of lˆz = (ℏ/i)(d/dϕ) and give the eigenvalue in each case.arrow_forward
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