The oxidation number of arsenic in AsH 3 is to be determined. Concept introduction: Oxidation of a species involves the loss of electrons by that species and reduction of a species involves the gain of electrons by that species. Oxidation number is defined as the formal charge an atom would gain if all the bonds attached to it in a compound are heterolytically cleaved. Oxidation number can be a positive or negative number but cannot be fractional.
The oxidation number of arsenic in AsH 3 is to be determined. Concept introduction: Oxidation of a species involves the loss of electrons by that species and reduction of a species involves the gain of electrons by that species. Oxidation number is defined as the formal charge an atom would gain if all the bonds attached to it in a compound are heterolytically cleaved. Oxidation number can be a positive or negative number but cannot be fractional.
The oxidation number of arsenic in AsH3 is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Oxidation of a species involves the loss of electrons by that species and reduction of a species involves the gain of electrons by that species.
Oxidation number is defined as the formal charge an atom would gain if all the bonds attached to it in a compound are heterolytically cleaved. Oxidation number can be a positive or negative number but cannot be fractional.
(b)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The oxidation number of arsenic in H2AsO4− is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Oxidation of a species involves the loss of electrons by that species and reduction of a species involves the gain of electrons by that species.
Oxidation number is defined as the formal charge an atom would gain if all the bonds attached to it in a compound are heterolytically cleaved. Oxidation number can be a positive or negative number but cannot be fractional.
(c)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The oxidation number of arsenic in AsCl3 is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Oxidation of a species involves the loss of electrons by that species and reduction of a species involves the gain of electrons by that species.
Oxidation number is defined as the formal charge an atom would gain if all the bonds attached to it in a compound are heterolytically cleaved. Oxidation number can be a positive or negative number but cannot be fractional.
(racemic)
19.84 Using your reaction roadmaps as a guide, show how to convert 2-oxepanone and ethanol
into 1-cyclopentenecarbaldehyde. You must use 2-oxepanone as the source of all carbon
atoms in the target molecule. Show all reagents and all molecules synthesized along
the way.
&
+ EtOH
H
2-Oxepanone
1-Cyclopentenecarbaldehyde
R₂
R₁
R₁
a
R
Rg
Nu
R₂
Rg
R₁
R
R₁₂
R3
R
R
Nu enolate forming
R₁ R
B-Alkylated carbonyl
species or amines
Cyclic B-Ketoester
R₁₁
HOB
R
R₁B
R
R₁₂
B-Hydroxy carbonyl
R
diester
R2 R3
R₁
RB
OR
R₂ 0
aB-Unsaturated carbonyl
NaOR
Aldol
HOR
reaction
1) LDA
2) R-X
3) H₂O/H₂O
ketone,
aldehyde
1) 2°-amine
2) acid chloride
3) H₂O'/H₂O
0
O
R₁
R₁
R
R₁
R₁₂
Alkylated a-carbon
R₁
H.C
R₁
H.C
Alkylated methyl ketone
acetoacetic
ester
B-Ketoester
ester
R₁
HO
R₂ R
B-Dicarbonyl
HO
Alkylated carboxylic acid
malonic ester
Write the reagents required to bring about each reaction next to the arrows shown.
Next, record any regiochemistry or stereochemistry considerations relevant to the
reaction. You should also record any key aspects of the mechanism, such as forma-
tion of an important intermediate, as a helpful reminder. You may want to keep
track of all reactions that make carbon-carbon bonds, because these help you build
large molecules from smaller fragments. This especially applies to the reactions in…
Provide the reasonable steps to achieve the following synthesis.