Which fatty acid out of behenic acid and erucic acid has a higher melting point is to be determined. Concept introduction: Melting point of a compound depends on the strength of the intermolecular interactions between its molecules. The stronger the interactions, higher the melting point. The type and strength of the intermolecular interactions depends on the functional groups present in the molecules. Weak induced dipole-induced dipole interactions are present in all molecules. In addition, molecules with polar groups also have relatively stronger dipole-dipole interactions and/or hydrogen bonding. When a molecule contains both polar and nonpolar groups, the relative strength of induced dipole-induced dipole interactions in the nonpolar part and the dipole-dipole interactions in the polar part depend on the length of the nonpolar part. If the nonpolar part consists of a long chain hydrocarbon, the induced dipole-induced dipole interactions can be stronger than the dipole-dipole interactions due to the polar part. The larger the interacting surface area, the stronger the induced dipole-induced dipole interactions. Long hydrocarbon chains have a large number of electrons, which increases the polarizability. The surface area also depends on whether the chain is straight or branched or folded. If the number of carbon atoms is the same, a straight chain has the largest surface area, while a branched or folded chain has a relatively low surface area over which it can interact with other molecules. So straight chain compounds have stronger induced dipole-induced dipole interactions, and therefore, higher melting points than branched or folded chain compounds with the same number of carbon atoms.

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Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 4, Problem 4.55P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Which fatty acid out of behenic acid and erucic acid has a higher melting point is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Melting point of a compound depends on the strength of the intermolecular interactions between its molecules. The stronger the interactions, higher the melting point.

The type and strength of the intermolecular interactions depends on the functional groups present in the molecules. Weak induced dipole-induced dipole interactions are present in all molecules. In addition, molecules with polar groups also have relatively stronger dipole-dipole interactions and/or hydrogen bonding.

When a molecule contains both polar and nonpolar groups, the relative strength of induced dipole-induced dipole interactions in the nonpolar part and the dipole-dipole interactions in the polar part depend on the length of the nonpolar part. If the nonpolar part consists of a long chain hydrocarbon, the induced dipole-induced dipole interactions can be stronger than the dipole-dipole interactions due to the polar part. The larger the interacting surface area, the stronger the induced dipole-induced dipole interactions. Long hydrocarbon chains have a large number of electrons, which increases the polarizability.

The surface area also depends on whether the chain is straight or branched or folded. If the number of carbon atoms is the same, a straight chain has the largest surface area, while a branched or folded chain has a relatively low surface area over which it can interact with other molecules. So straight chain compounds have stronger induced dipole-induced dipole interactions, and therefore, higher melting points than branched or folded chain compounds with the same number of carbon atoms.

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MISSED THIS? Read Section 19.9 (Pages 878-881); Watch IWE 19.10 Consider the following reaction: CH3OH(g) CO(g) + 2H2(g) (Note that AG,CH3OH(g) = -162.3 kJ/mol and AG,co(g)=-137.2 kJ/mol.) Part A Calculate AG for this reaction at 25 °C under the following conditions: PCH₂OH Pco PH2 0.815 atm = 0.140 atm 0.170 atm Express your answer in kilojoules to three significant figures. Ο ΑΣΦ AG = -150 Submit Previous Answers Request Answer □? kJ × Incorrect; Try Again; 2 attempts remaining Calculate the free energy change under nonstandard conditions (AGrxn) by using the following relationship: AGrxn = AGrxn + RTInQ, AGxn+RTInQ, where AGxn is the standard free energy change, R is the ideal gas constant, T is the temperature in kelvins, a is the reaction quotient. Provide Feedback Next >

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Answer 2

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Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 4, Problem 4.55P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Which fatty acid out of behenic acid and erucic acid has a higher melting point is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Melting point of a compound depends on the strength of the intermolecular interactions between its molecules. The stronger the interactions, higher the melting point.

The type and strength of the intermolecular interactions depends on the functional groups present in the molecules. Weak induced dipole-induced dipole interactions are present in all molecules. In addition, molecules with polar groups also have relatively stronger dipole-dipole interactions and/or hydrogen bonding.

When a molecule contains both polar and nonpolar groups, the relative strength of induced dipole-induced dipole interactions in the nonpolar part and the dipole-dipole interactions in the polar part depend on the length of the nonpolar part. If the nonpolar part consists of a long chain hydrocarbon, the induced dipole-induced dipole interactions can be stronger than the dipole-dipole interactions due to the polar part. The larger the interacting surface area, the stronger the induced dipole-induced dipole interactions. Long hydrocarbon chains have a large number of electrons, which increases the polarizability.

The surface area also depends on whether the chain is straight or branched or folded. If the number of carbon atoms is the same, a straight chain has the largest surface area, while a branched or folded chain has a relatively low surface area over which it can interact with other molecules. So straight chain compounds have stronger induced dipole-induced dipole interactions, and therefore, higher melting points than branched or folded chain compounds with the same number of carbon atoms.

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 4, Problem 4.55P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Which fatty acid out of behenic acid and erucic acid has a higher melting point is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Melting point of a compound depends on the strength of the intermolecular interactions between its molecules. The stronger the interactions, higher the melting point.

The type and strength of the intermolecular interactions depends on the functional groups present in the molecules. Weak induced dipole-induced dipole interactions are present in all molecules. In addition, molecules with polar groups also have relatively stronger dipole-dipole interactions and/or hydrogen bonding.

When a molecule contains both polar and nonpolar groups, the relative strength of induced dipole-induced dipole interactions in the nonpolar part and the dipole-dipole interactions in the polar part depend on the length of the nonpolar part. If the nonpolar part consists of a long chain hydrocarbon, the induced dipole-induced dipole interactions can be stronger than the dipole-dipole interactions due to the polar part. The larger the interacting surface area, the stronger the induced dipole-induced dipole interactions. Long hydrocarbon chains have a large number of electrons, which increases the polarizability.

The surface area also depends on whether the chain is straight or branched or folded. If the number of carbon atoms is the same, a straight chain has the largest surface area, while a branched or folded chain has a relatively low surface area over which it can interact with other molecules. So straight chain compounds have stronger induced dipole-induced dipole interactions, and therefore, higher melting points than branched or folded chain compounds with the same number of carbon atoms.

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Answer 4

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Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 4, Problem 4.55P

Interpretation Introduction