Chapter 4, Problem 4.4P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The structure of an alkane with molecular formula ${\text{C}}_{\text{7}}{\text{H}}_{\text{16}}$ that contains one $4^{\text{ο}}$ carbon is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The aliphatic hydrocarbons that have only $\text{C}-\text{C}$ and $\text{C}-\text{H}\text{σ}$ bonds are called alkanes. A quaternary carbon atom is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The structure of an alkane with molecular formula ${\text{C}}_{\text{7}}{\text{H}}_{\text{16}}$ that contains only $1^{\text{ο}}\text{and}{2}^{\text{ο}}$ carbons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The aliphatic hydrocarbons that have only $\text{C}-\text{C}$ and $\text{C}-\text{H}\text{σ}$ bonds are called alkanes. A primary carbon atom is indicated by $1^{\text{ο}}$, and it is bonded to only one other carbon atom. A secondary carbon atom is indicated by $2^{\text{ο}}$, and it is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The structure of an alkane with molecular formula ${\text{C}}_{\text{7}}{\text{H}}_{\text{16}}$ that contains only $1^{\text{ο}},2^{\text{ο}},\text{and}{3}^{\text{ο}}$ hydrogens is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The aliphatic hydrocarbons that have only $\text{C}-\text{C}$ and $\text{C}-\text{H}\text{σ}$ bonds are called alkanes. A primary hydrogen atom resides on primary carbon atom. A secondary hydrogen atom resides on secondary carbon atom. A tertiary hydrogen atom resides on tertiary carbon atom.