Chapter 4, Problem 4.23P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of hydrogen atoms in a saturated compound containing four carbon atoms is to be determined. The number of hydrogen atoms in a saturated compound containing four carbon atoms and one oxygen atom is to be determined. The number of hydrogen atoms in a saturated compound containing four carbon atoms and two oxygen atoms is to be determined. The effect of each oxygen atom on the formula for the saturated compound is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The number of hydrogen atoms in a saturated compound containing carbon as the only non-hydrogen atom is given by $\text{2n + 2}$, where n is the number of carbon atoms.

Oxygen has a valency of two and forms two single bonds in a fully saturated compound.