(a)
Interpretation:
Whether the reaction that takes place by mixing of sodium phosphate and copper
Concept Introduction:
Precipitation reaction:
Precipitation reaction is a reaction in which any chemical change in a solution results in giving one or more insoluble products. The insoluble product is called as precipitate.
Acid-Base reaction:
It involves the transfer of hydrogen ion, from one reactant (the acid) to another (the base).
The transfer of negative charge (one or more electrons) from one reactant to other reactant results in oxidation-reduction reactions. When a subtance/species lose electrons during a reaction, then it is a oxidation reaction. When a subtance/species gain electrons during a reaction, then it is a reduction reaction.
Oxidation reaction and reduction reaction are complementary reactions and are called as redox reactions.
(a)

Explanation of Solution
Given:
A reaction is carried out by mixing sodium phosphate and copper
On mixing sodium phosphate and copper
The
(b)
Interpretation:
The reaction of sodium phosphate and copper
Concept Introduction:
Combination reaction (C) is a reaction in which two or more elements or compounds join together producing a product of different composition. The general form of a combination reaction is
Decomposition reaction (D) is a reaction in which a single reactant undergoes decomposition and gives two or more products. The general form of a decomposition reaction is
Single-replacement reaction (SR) is a reaction in which one atom replaces another in the compound and produces a new compound. The general form of a single-replacement reaction is
Double-replacement reaction (DR) is a reaction in which two compounds undergoes “change of partners”. That is, two compounds react by exchanging atoms to produce two new compounds. The general form of a double-replacement reaction is
(b)

Explanation of Solution
Given:
A reaction is carried out by mixing sodium phosphate and copper
The chemical reaction equation for the above reaction is,
In the above reaction, both the reactants exchange their partners with each other.
Hence, this reaction is a Double-replacement reaction (DR).
(c)
Interpretation:
The net ionic equation, the balanced equation and the ionic equation for the given reaction has to be written.
Concept Introduction:
Net ionic Equation:
The net ionic equation shows only those chemical species that actually undergo chemical change. The ions that do not change during the chemical reaction are called spectator ions. These spectator ions are not shown in net ionic equation.
Balanced Chemical equation:
A balanced chemical equation is an equation which contains same elements in same number on both the sides (reactant and product side) of the chemical equation thereby obeying the law of conservation of mass.
(c)

Explanation of Solution
Given:
A reaction is carried out by mixing sodium phosphate and copper
Balanced equation:
The balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is written as,
The ionic equation for the above reaction is written as,
The net ionic equation is obtained by cancelling the spectator ions in the ionic equation.
Therefore, the net ionic equation of the given reaction is written as,
(d)
Interpretation:
The number of moles of sodium phosphate that is represented by
Concept Introduction:
Moles:
Mole of the substance is found by dividing the mass of the substance by its molar mass.
(d)

Explanation of Solution
Given:
A reaction is carried out by mixing sodium phosphate and copper
The mass of sodium phosphate is
Calculation of number of moles:
The balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is written as,
The molar mass of sodium phosphate is
Determine the moles of sodium phosphate present in given amount as follows,
The number of moles of sodium phosphate present is
(e)
Interpretation:
The number of moles of copper
(e)

Explanation of Solution
Given:
A reaction is carried out by mixing sodium phosphate and copper
The balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is written as,
From the stiochiometry of the reaction equation, it is known that three moles of copper
Hence, the number of moles of copper
(f)
Interpretation:
The number of moles of products produced in the given reaction has to be given.
(f)

Explanation of Solution
Given:
A reaction is carried out by mixing sodium phosphate and copper
The balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is written as,
From the stiochiometry of the reaction equation, it is known that three moles of copper
Hence, the number of moles of copper
From the stiochiometry of the reaction equation, it is known that three moles of copper
Hence, the number of moles of products produced in the given reaction are,
(g)
Interpretation:
The amount (in
Concept Introduction:
Mass:
Mass of the compound is calculated by mole of the compound multiplied with molar mass of the compound.
(g)

Explanation of Solution
Given:
A reaction is carried out by mixing sodium phosphate and copper
The balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is written as,
From the stiochiometry of the reaction equation, it is known that three moles of copper
Hence, the number of moles of copper
The molar mass of copper
Determine the mass of copper
The molar mass of sodium sulfate is
Determine the mass of sodium sulfate formed as follows,
Therefore, the mass of products produced is
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Chapter 4 Solutions
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