
To determine:
The result when the gut microflora of a person is disrupted.
Introduction:
The group of microorganisms generally present at any anatomical site is termed as the “normal microbiota”, “the indigenous microbial population”, “the normal flora or the microflora”. They are present in the skin, respiratory tract, digestive tract, urethra, vagina, and eyes. The microbiota is present in a symbiotic relationship of commensalism with the host. They are not harmful. Microbiotas that are present in the human gut are helpful to human health, supplying essential nutrients and vitamin K synthesis and enteric nerve function and so on.

Explanation of Solution
In the human gut 1014 bacteria are colonized that are Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Proteobacteria, and Lactic acid bacteria. They are necessary for human health, digestion, and producing vitamins. Bacterial flora also produces vitamin B and K that are absorbed through the large intestine into the blood. However, gut bacteria can be harmful if the abnormal changes occur in the human body.
E. coli is a normal flora or bacteria present in the intestine where its growth is controlled by the immune system, another mucous layer of the intestine, and microbial members of the community. They can block the invasion of E. coli into the surrounding tissues. But, if the intestine is unfortunately punctured, it enables E. coli to enter body cavity and proliferate in a part of the body where the defense system is poorer against this bacterium.
Thus, if the gut microflora of a person is disrupted, it leads to several complications related to health. Health-related issues that patients experience can be a loss of colonization resistance to bacterial pathogens, along with autoimmune and allergic diseases. Disrupted gut microflora can also cause severe gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome and Virginia.
Thus, if the gut microflora of a person is disrupted, it can lead to various severe complications and diseases.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Microbiology: A Systems Approach
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