Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134089089
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Seth Shostak
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4, Problem 17RQ
What has happened to most of the carbon dioxide outgassed through Earth’s history? Describe the carbon dioxide cycle and how it helps regulate Earth’s climate.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
Ch. 4 - Briefly describe three aspects of geology that are...Ch. 4 - What do we mean by the geological record? Why is...Ch. 4 - Describe the three basic types of rock and the...Ch. 4 - How are sedimentary strata made, and how do they...Ch. 4 - Describe the technique of radiometric dating, and...Ch. 4 - How do fossils form? Do most living organisms...Ch. 4 - Summarize the geological time scale. What are...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8RQCh. 4 - Briefly describe how outgassing led to the origin...Ch. 4 - What was the heavy bombardment, and what effect...
Ch. 4 - Briefly describe Earths core-mantle-crust...Ch. 4 - Briefly describe the conveyorlike action of plate...Ch. 4 - Describe how plate tectonics shapes important...Ch. 4 - What evidence do we have for the operation of...Ch. 4 - What are the three requirements for a planetary...Ch. 4 - Briefly describe the mechanism by which the...Ch. 4 - What has happened to most of the carbon dioxide...Ch. 4 - What are ice ages, and what may cause them? What...Ch. 4 - Briefly summarize the key ways in which geology is...Ch. 4 - How do we think the Moon formed, and what evidence...Ch. 4 - We can expect that if there are paleontologists a...Ch. 4 - Nearly all the rocks I found in the lava fields of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 23TYUCh. 4 - Although Earth contains its densest material in...Ch. 4 - If you had a time machine that dropped you off on...Ch. 4 - If there were no plate tectonics on Earth, our...Ch. 4 - Without the greenhouse effect, there probably...Ch. 4 - If nitrogen were a greenhouse gas, our planet...Ch. 4 - We can learn a lot about Earths early history by...Ch. 4 - Prob. 30TYUCh. 4 - A rocks type (igneous, metamorphic, or...Ch. 4 - To learn a rocks age, we must (a) determine its...Ch. 4 - Radiometric dating now allows us to determine...Ch. 4 - Earths oceans formed (a) during the late stages of...Ch. 4 - We learn about the heavy bombardment by studying...Ch. 4 - Earth has retained a lot of internal heat...Ch. 4 - Plate tectonics is best described as a process...Ch. 4 - Earth has far less atmospheric carbon dioxide than...Ch. 4 - If Earth had more greenhouse gases in its...Ch. 4 - Snowball Earth refers to (a) one of a series of...Ch. 4 - The Age of Earth. Some people still question...Ch. 4 - Dating Planetary Surfaces. We have discussed two...Ch. 4 - Earth Without Differentiation. Suppose Earth had...Ch. 4 - Earth Without Plate Tectonics. Suppose plate...Ch. 4 - Feedback Processes in the Atmosphere. As the Sun...Ch. 4 - Geological Time. Geological time scales are often...Ch. 4 - Dating Lunar Rocks. You are analyzing Moon rocks...Ch. 4 - Carbon-14 Dating. The half-life of carbon-14 is...Ch. 4 - Martian Meteorite. Some unusual meteorites thought...Ch. 4 - Internal vs. External Heating. In daylight, Earths...Ch. 4 - Plate Tectonics. Typical motions of one plate...Ch. 4 - More Plate Tectonics. Consider a seafloor...Ch. 4 - Plate Tectonics and Us. Based on what you learned...
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- Detail some of the anthropogenic changes to Earth’s climate and their potential impact on life.arrow_forwardEddies- Identify the circumstances under which eddies may form. Recognize warm and cold core eddies by their core temperatures. Investigate the mechanism by which eddies transport water masses and marine life to the surface of the ocean. Ocean production may be affected by the variety of patterns of convergence and separation generated by eddies.arrow_forwardLearn about a current or planned mission to study the atmosphere of one of the terrestrial planets (including Earth). Write a one-page essay describing the mission and what we hope to learn from it.arrow_forward
- Suppose a major impact that produces a mass extinction takes place on Earth once every 5 million years. Suppose further that if such an event occurred today, you and most other humans would be killed (this would be true even if the human species as a whole survived). Such impact events are random, and one could take place at any time. Calculate the probability that such an impact will occur within the next 50 years (within your lifetime).arrow_forwardWhich Terrestrial worlds have thin or no atmospheres?arrow_forwardBriefly describe the greenhouse effect.arrow_forward
- It is estimated that the global CO2 emission in 2014 was 35.9 Giga Tonnes(CO2.earth 2). If this emission rate continued, in what year will the amount of CO2 in the air double, based on our crude atmospheric model? Round to the nearest integer. (Hint: Build the equation by setting the time elapsed as x) O 5 year O 120 years O 12 O 12 million yearsarrow_forwardThe Hawaiian Islands have formed as the Pacific Plate moves northwestward over a hot spot of Earth’s interior that provides magma to form several volcanos. Explain what could happen if the Pacific Plate continues to move.arrow_forwardcal Science-SC5 X + ive r19.core.learn.edgenuity.com/player/ mental Science - SC5181 A < 21 90 The graph shows the changes in global temperatures over time. Estimated global temperature over the last 500 million years equatorial Pangea too hot for peat swamps Maa 500 450 23 24 25 Mark this and return 400 350 300 250 200 millions of years ago Cretaceous Hot Greenhouse world without polar ice caps Paleocene- Eocene Thermal Maximum world with polar ice caps (Courtesy of NASA) Which of the following hypotheses is supported by the data analysis? O Earth's temperature has natural cycles throughout history. Humans have caused all of Earth's temperature changes DELL 150 100 50 Today Adapted from Smithsonian Institution Save and Exit Nextarrow_forward
- What are Earth’s core and mantle made of? Explain how we know.arrow_forwardLook at the hemispheres of Earth shown on the two pages of The Active Earth. Name a folded mountain range. Describe the locations of one subduction zone and one midocean rise.arrow_forwardWhich type of seismic wave cannot pass through Earths core? What does that indicate about the composition of the core?arrow_forward
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