SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY 50 years ago, pregnant women who were prescribed thalidomide for morning sickness gave birth to children with birth defects. Thalidomide is a mixture of two enantiomers; one reduces morning sickness, but the other causes severe birth defects. Today, the FDA has approved this drug for non-pregnant individuals with Hansen's disease (leprosy) or newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, a blood and bone marrow cancer. The beneficial enantiomer can be synthesized and given to patients, but over time, both the beneficial and the harmful enantiomer can be detected in the body. Propose a possible explanation for the presence of the harmful enantiomer.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 4 Solutions
EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach, Vol. 1 (Chs 1-21) (4th Edition)
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
- Plastic additives known as phthalates are odorless, colorless, and everywhere-in flooring, plastic cups, beach balls, plastic wrap, IV tubing-and yes, they've made their way into our bodies. If this sounds like the opening for an alien horror movie, the story actually gets worse. Study after study shows that phthalates have nasty effects on the human body, disrupting our metabolic and hormonal activity. Even families that were given local, fresh, organic food that was not prepared, cooked, or stored in plastic containers ended up with high levels of phthalates and BPA in their diet because these chemicals had already made their way into the food ingredients prior to cooking. 1. What are some serious metabolic and hormonal disorders that phthalates are responsible for? 2. Why Bisphenol A, also known as BPA is considered another endocrine-disrupting chemical? What does it cause? 3. BPA is replaced by BPS; is the latest safe, or the industry is replacing a toxic chemical with another, yet…arrow_forwardChemistry Ninhydrin is used to turn amino acids in fingerprints purple, make a good way to stain fingerprints. The reaction of ninhydrin with amino acids is different for proline than the other amino acids. For 19 amino acids including glycine, it takes two ninhydrin molecules to react with the amino acid to produce the purple pigment products. For proline, only one ninhydrin molecule reacts and the color of the product is not normally purple. Can someone help me solve problems a-c? Thank you! Will thumbs up if correct!arrow_forwardThe Case of the Poisonous Pill: The Poison By this time, Tylenol has been pulled off the shelves at all of the stores in the area and a nationwide recall has been announced. Several suspicious capsules have been found and tested. The contents of the capsules contain a compound with: 1) A nitrogen content of greater than 15% 2) Carbon content of less than 50%. What is the poison in the capsule? Write the name of the compound here: Submitarrow_forward
- Amylopectin has which of the following structural features? a. only α(1,4) glycosidic linkages b. only β(1,4) glycosidic linkages c. both α(1,4) and α(1,6) glycosidic linkages d. both α(1,4) and β(1,6) glycosidic linkagesarrow_forwardRefer to the given lipid structure: CH,(CH,),,CH=CH-CH-OH CH,OH QH CH-NH-C-(CH,),,CH, CH2 OH 1. Explain what kind of product is formed if NAOH is added to a triglyceride? Discuss the principle of how the product can help in the fight against coronavirus. 2. Discuss why a saturated fatty acid like coconut oil has a good antioxidant property. 3. What are essential fatty acids? Cite some clinical signs of essential fatty acid deficiency. 4. why are essential fatty acids associated with a low incidence of heart disease? 5. what are the physiological effects of prostaglandins? Explain how aspirin can block the synthesis of prostaglandins? 6. In terms of structure, how is cholesterol different from bile salts? Cite causes of bile duct obstruction and symptoms. 7. Explain the cell membrane's lipid bilayer. What are the lipids found in the cell membrane? 8. Differentiate between passive and active transport movement of molecules across the cell membranearrow_forwardHomopolysaccharide are found abundant in nature. Explain how this class ofpolysaccharide acts as primary component of plants and insects.arrow_forward
- Aromatic compounds are ubiquitous in organic systems. However, many common aromatic compounds are known carcinogens. Discuss the presence of 2 aromatic compounds in our environment (naturally or resulting from human activity). Include the sources of these compounds as well as their biological activity and health impacts.arrow_forwardSphingolipids do I. contain a glycerol core with a phosphocholine headgroup. II. contain a modified sphingosine. III. usually has a ceramide moiety IV. function as a precursor to sterols. O II, IV O II, II O , II, II O I, II, IVarrow_forwardList two classes of compounds derived from arachidonic acid. Suggest some reasons for the amount of biomedical research devoted to these compounds.arrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education