Biology (MindTap Course List)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781285423586
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 38.4, Problem 1C
Summary Introduction
To determine: Whether the observed necrotic lesions on the plant leaves are more likely due to a hypersensitive response or to systemic acquired resistance (SAR).
Introduction: Instead of an immune system, the plants have some defense mechanisms that are used to defend themselves from the attack of the pathogenic and herbivorous enemies. It consists of an efficient innate immune system and acquired resistance that help it to fight against local infections.
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Which of the following is a reason that specific pathogens tend to infect specific tissues?
Most tissues are resistant to microbial exotoxins
There are chemical and physical differences between tissues.
Microbes preferentially target external tissues, such as skin, as the environment is more favorable for their growth than inside the body.
Tissues with neutral pH are colonized but those with acidic or alkaline pH are not.
Which virulence factor description among A-E is false?
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A) O Adhesins: fimbriae or pili are examples of this
B) O Invasins: virulence factor of intracellular pathogens
C) O Kinases: breaks apart a blood clot; streptokinase is an example.
D) O Hyaluronidases: dissolves connections between cells of a tissue
E) O Coagulases: found in certain Staphylococcus pathogens;
induces clot formation in the body
F) O None of A-E is false; all are true
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Different strains of Streptococcus pyogenes have different virulence factors, giving these microbes much versatility. Virulence factors include which of the following? Choose one or more:
A.A capsule that, when thick, will help the organism avoid phagocytosis by macrophages
B.A cell wall containing lipoteichoic acid, thought to facilitate adherence to pharyngeal epithelial cells
C.Enzymes that lyse blood cells (streptolysins)
D.The production of several endotoxins called streptococcal pyogenic endotoxins (SPEs)
Chapter 38 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 38.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 38.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 38.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 38.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 38.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 38.2 - Prob. 4LOCh. 38.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 38.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 38.2 - Which hormones are involved in each of the...Ch. 38.3 - Explain how varying amounts of light and darkness...
Ch. 38.3 - Prob. 6LOCh. 38.3 - Prob. 7LOCh. 38.3 - Prob. 8LOCh. 38.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 38.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 38.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 38.4 - Prob. 9LOCh. 38.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 38 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 38 - The stress hormone that helps plants respond to...Ch. 38 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 38 - Pfr, the active state of _______________, forms...Ch. 38 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 38 - Which signaling molecule triggers the release of...Ch. 38 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 38 - PREDICT State whether flowering in a short-day...Ch. 38 - PREDICT If you transplanted the short-day plant...Ch. 38 - EVOLUTION LINK What adaptive advantages are...Ch. 38 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 16TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 17TYU
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