Bundle: Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life, 14th + LMS Integrated for MindTap Biology, 1 term (6 months) Printed Access Card
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305774384
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 33, Problem 1DAA
Occupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to loud noise of a particular pitch can cause loss of hair cells in the part of the cochlea that responds to that pitch. People who work with or around noisy machinery are at risk for such frequency-specific hearing loss. Taking precautions such as using ear plugs to reduce sound exposure is important. Noise-induced hearing loss can be prevented, but once it occurs it is irreversible because dead or damaged hair cells are not replaced.
FIGURE 33.24 shows the threshold decibel levels at which sounds of different frequencies can be detected by an average 25-year-old carpenter, a 50-year-old carpenter, and a 50-year-old who has not been exposed to on-the-job noise. Sound frequencies are given in hertz (cycles per second), The more cycles per second, the higher the pitch.
FIGURE 33.24 Effects of age aria occupational noise exposure. The graph shows the threshold hearing capacities fin decibels) for sounds of different frequencies (given in hertz) in a 25-year-okj carpenter (blue). a 50-year-old carpenter (red), arid a 50-year-ofd who did not have any on-the-job noise exposure (brown).
1. Which sound frequency was most easily detected by all three people?
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More than 1.1 billion young adults are at risk for hearing loss according to World Health
Organization (WHO, 2015). The primary reason is increasing use of personal audio devices with
headphones or earphones. Hearing loss is of two main types: conduction deafness and
perception deafness. Young adults are more likely to experience perception or nerve deafness.
Which of the following parts of the ear is not involved in nerve deafness?
Select one:
a. Organ of Corti
b. Semicircular canal
C. Auditory nerve and basilar membrane
d. Sensory neurons and hair cells
Dizziness and vertigo are symptoms of fluid build up in the cochlea and inner ear. Receptors for hearing are called hair cells and are only stimulated upon movement. Discuss how the increase in fluid can lead to a malfunction in the receptors leading to dizziness and inability to hear well. You will need to discuss the pathway of hearing using the tympanic membrane, malleus, incus, stapes, round window, oval window, hair cells and vestibulocochlear nerve in your response.
Situation:
Noise at Work Ediberto is 18 years old, and has been working for a
company that manufactures prefabricated homes for about a year. He spends a
lot of the work day using a power saw. His ears usually ring for a while in
the evening, but it seems to clear up by the morning. He is a little worried
about whether it’s damaging his hearing, but it’s not that different than how
his ears feel after a rock concert. He wants to find some information on how
much noise is bad for you, and what he can do.
Questions for following story.
1. What went right in this situation?
2. What went wrong in this situation?
3. What steps should be taken in this workplace to make sure employees are
better protected and prepared the next time?
Chapter 33 Solutions
Bundle: Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life, 14th + LMS Integrated for MindTap Biology, 1 term (6 months) Printed Access Card
Ch. 33 - The pain of heartburn is an example of a ___ . a....Ch. 33 - ___ is defined as a decrease in the response to an...Ch. 33 - Which is a somatic sensation? a. taste b. smell c....Ch. 33 - Chemoreceptors play a role in the sense of ___ ....Ch. 33 - In the ___, neurons are arranged like maps that...Ch. 33 - Mechanoreceptors in the ___ send signal, to the...Ch. 33 - The middle ear functions in__________. a....Ch. 33 - Prob. 8SQCh. 33 - Occupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to...Ch. 33 - Occupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to...
Ch. 33 - Occupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to...Ch. 33 - Occupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to...Ch. 33 - The organ of Corti contains receptors that signal...Ch. 33 - Night vision begins with stimulation of ___ . a....Ch. 33 - Visual accommodation involves adjustment to the...Ch. 33 - When you view a close object, your lens gets ___ ....Ch. 33 - Defective or missing ___ cause mJor blindness. a....Ch. 33 - ___ causes the pupil to widen. a. Low light b....Ch. 33 - Match each structure with its description. _____...Ch. 33 - Like other nocturnal carnivores, the ferret shown...Ch. 33 - A compound extracted from the leaves of the shrub...Ch. 33 - Most bats eat insects or fruit. Vampire bats,...Ch. 33 - Prob. 4CT
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- Occupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to loud noise of a particular pitch can cause loss of hair cells in the part of the cochlea that responds to that pitch. People who work with or around noisy machinery are at risk for such frequency-specific hearing loss. Taking precautions such as using ear plugs to reduce sound exposure is important. Noise-induced hearing loss can be prevented, but once it occurs it is irreversible because dead or damaged hair cells are not replaced. FIGURE 33.24 shows the threshold decibel levels at which sounds of different frequencies can be detected by an average 25-year-old carpenter, a 50-year-old carpenter, and a 50-year-old who has not been exposed to on-the-job noise. Sound frequencies are given in hertz (cycles per second). The more cycles per second, the higher the pitch. FIGURE 33.24 Effects of age aria occupational noise exposure. The graph shows the threshold hearing capacities fin decibels) for sounds of different frequencies (given in hertz) in a 25-year-okj carpenter (blue), a 50-year-old carpenter (red), and a 50-year-otd who did not have any on-the-job noise exposure (brown). 2. How loud did a 1,000-hertz sound have to be for the 50-year-old carpenter to detect it?arrow_forwardOccupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to loud noise of a particular pitch can cause loss of hair cells in the part of the cochlea that responds to that pitch. People who work with or around noisy machinery are at risk for such frequency-specific hearing loss. Taking precautions such as using ear plugs to reduce sound exposure is important. Noise-induced hearing loss can be prevented, but once it occurs it is irreversible because dead or damaged hair cells are not replaced. FIGURE 33.24 shows the threshold decibel levels at which sounds of different frequencies can be detected by an average 25-year-old carpenter, a 50-year-old carpenter, and a 50-year-old who has not been exposed to on-the-job noise. Sound frequencies are given in hertz (cycles per second). The more cycles per second, the higher the pitch. FIGURE 33.24 Effects of age aria occupational noise exposure. The graph shows the threshold hearing capacities fin decibels) for sounds of different frequencies (given in hertz) in a 25-year-okj carpenter (blue), a 50-year-old carpenter (red), and a 50-year-otd who did not have any on-the-job noise exposure (brown). 3. Which of the three people had the best hearing in the range of 4,000 to 6,000 hertz? Which had the worst?arrow_forwardOccupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to loud noise of a particular pitch can cause loss of hair cells in the part of the cochlea that responds to that pitch. People who work with or around noisy machinery are at risk for such frequency-specific hearing loss. Taking precautions such as using ear plugs to reduce sound exposure is important. Noise-induced hearing loss can be prevented, but once it occurs it is irreversible because dead or damaged hair cells are not replaced. FIGURE 33.24 shows the threshold decibel levels at which sounds of different frequencies can be detected by an average 25-year-old carpenter, a 50-year-old carpenter, and a 50-year-old who has not been exposed to on-the-job noise. Sound frequencies are given in hertz (cycles per second). The more cycles per second, the higher the pitch. FIGURE 33.24 Effects of age aria occupational noise exposure. The graph shows the threshold hearing capacities fin decibels) for sounds of different frequencies (given in hertz) in a 25-year-okj carpenter (blue), a 50-year-old carpenter (red), and a 50-year-otd who did not have any on-the-job noise exposure (brown). 4. Based on these data, would you conclude that the hearing decline in the 50-year-old carpenter was caused by age or by job-related noise exposure?arrow_forward
- Figure 36.14 Cochlear implants can restore hearing in people who have a nonfunctional cochlea The implant consists of a microphone that picks up sound. A speech processor selects sounds in the range of human speech, and a transmitter converts these sounds to electrical impulses, which are then sent to the auditory nerve. Which of the following types of hearing loss would not be restored by a cochlear implant? Hearing loss resulting from absence or loss of hair cells in the organ of Corti. Hearing loss resulting from an abnormal auditory nerve. Hearing loss resulting from fracture of the cochlea. Hearing loss resulting from damage to bones of the middle ear.arrow_forwardMatch each of the following terms with the appropriate description. _____ somatic senses (general senses)a.produced by strong stimulation _____ special sensesb.endings of sensory neurons or specialized cells next to them _____ variations in stimulus intensity _____ action potentialc.taste, smell, hearing, balance, and vision _____ sensory receptord.frequency and number of action potentials e.touch, pressure, temperature, pain, and muscle sensearrow_forwardFigure 14.9 The basilar membrane is the thin membrane that extends from the central core of the cochlea to the edge. What is anchored to this membrane so that they can be activated by movement of the fluids within the cochlea? Figure 14.9 Cochlea and Organ of Corti LM × 412. (Micrograph provided by the Regents of University of Michigan Medical School © 2012)arrow_forward
- Jill is diagnosed with sensorineural deafness, a disorder in which sound waves are transmitted normally to the inner ear but they are not translated into neural signals that travel to the brain. Sometimes the cause is a problem with the auditory nerve, but in Jills case it has to do with a problem in the inner ear itself. Where in the inner ear is the disruption most likely to be located?arrow_forwardPut the following parts of the ear in the order in which sounds waves would pass through them: auditory canal, cochlea, cochlear branch of vestibulocochlear nerve, incus, malleus, oval window, stapes, tympanic membranearrow_forwardYou are experiencing some hearing loss. You don’t work with loud machinery or go to loud concerts. But, you do work in a busy smoothie bar, so have regular exposure to a loud blender. The ear doctor tells you that although blenders are only moderately loud, frequent exposure to sound levels greater than _______ (like the blender) has most likely caused damage to the cochlear hairs that produce those sounds. 75 dB 95 dB 125 dB 150 dB 175dBarrow_forward
- Hearing Ear Model Label the following structures on this diagram of the ear: external ear: auricle external acoustic meatus middle ear: tympanic membrane malleus incus internal ear: oval window cochlea semicircular canals bone CN VIII: vestibular branch cochlear branch auditory tube stapes round window temporal Now locate the EAR MODEL and identify these same structures.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a common cause of sensorineural hearing loss? Fluid trapped in the middle ear Aging Ruptured tympanic membrane Cerumen build uparrow_forwardOtotoxic drugs are drugs that may damage the cochlea, auditory nerve and/or the vestibular system of the ear. The damage caused is usually temporary and symptoms improve once the patient stops taking the drug. However, in some patients, the damage is permanent. Damage to the cochlea is the most common problem associated with these drugs. The reason that hearing loss results when the cochlea is damaged is: Select one: a. The bones in the ear do not amplify or increase the sound vibrations. b. The eardrum cannot transmit vibrations from sound waves to the malleus. c. The Eustachian tube remains open. d. Hair cells within the damaged cochlea do not bend preventing the transmission of an electrical signal to the auditory nerve.arrow_forward
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