1 SEM ACC W/RAVEN CARDED
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781265486297
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 32.3, Problem 2LO
Summary Introduction
To determine: The patterns of convergent evolution in significant morphological and developmental characters.
Introduction: Convergent evolution refers to the development of similar characters in organisms lacking common ancestry. Such organisms possess analogous organs or traits which develop in order to survive under selection pressure.
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Match the terms in the left column to the appropriate blanks on the right. Terms can be used once, more than once, or not at all.
shared trait
distantly
dependent
similar
analogous
homologous
different
common ancestor
closely
independent
Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in different lineages. It
occurs when distantly related organisms obtain a shared trait trait due to analogous needs.
Such resemblance is said to be homologous. Therefore, species with traits that appeared
convergently do not have a common ancestor
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Summarize the evidence regarding the sum of evolutionariy modifications from the given putative ancestor form to the derived descendent. Demonstrate some competence and understanding in terms of the taxa involved(List at least three or four of the genera involved as examples) and the anatomical features that were modified over the generations.
Fish to tetrapod, Ungulate to whale, ape-like primate to Homo sapiens
Describe how molecular evidence for evolution supports the fossil and anatomical records.
Chapter 32 Solutions
1 SEM ACC W/RAVEN CARDED
Ch. 32.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 32.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 32.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 32.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 32.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 32.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 32.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 32.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 32.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 32.5 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 32.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 32.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 32.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 32.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 32 - Prob. 1IQCh. 32 - Prob. 1UCh. 32 - Animals are unique in the fact that they possess...Ch. 32 - In animal sexual reproduction the gametes are...Ch. 32 - The evolution of bilateral symmetry was a...Ch. 32 - A fluid-filled cavity that develops completely...Ch. 32 - Which of the following statements is NOT true...Ch. 32 - Which of the following characteristics is used to...Ch. 32 - With regard to classification of animals, the...Ch. 32 - The coelom a. is a synapomorphy for the clade...Ch. 32 - A coelomate organism may have which of the...Ch. 32 - Which of the following cell types of a sponge...Ch. 32 - Prob. 12UCh. 32 - Prob. 13UCh. 32 - The following diagram is of the blastopore sage of...Ch. 32 - Prob. 2ACh. 32 - Prob. 3ACh. 32 - Which of the following cell layers is not...Ch. 32 - Prob. 2S
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- Briefly explain what convergent evolution is.arrow_forwardDefine the following terms: divergent evolution, convergent evolution, analogous structures, homologous structuresarrow_forwardMatch the terms to their descriptors. NOTE: If you want to change your selection, you'll need to delete the one you already chose. After you delete it, the list of choices will pop back up and you can make a different choice. Two species evolve in different directions from a common starting point Divergent evolution Two species independently evolve similar structures Homologous structures Traits that look similar but were not inherited from a common Convergent evolution ancestor Analogous structures Traits that are similar because they were inherited from a common ancestorarrow_forward
- Choose the correct descriptions for synapomorphies and apomorphies. Synapomorphy: A derived trait unique to a single species Synapomorphy: A shared derived trait that unites a group of organisms Apomorphy: A trait shared by all members of a group due to common ancestry Apomorphy: A derived trait that can be unique to a single speciesarrow_forwardI can apply the knowledge of Patterns of Descent withModification from Common Ancestors & The Development of EvolutionaryThought by:arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements best explains the importance of sister taxa for understanding the evolution of ingroup taxa? A) The sister group informs of the likely state of the common ancestor of the ingroup. B) The sister group is composed only of ancestral characters representing a primitive taxon having ancestral states for all characters able to be studied. C) The sister group allows us to infer character state polarity in order to understand how character states have changed during evolution of the ingroup. D) A & B E) A& C F) All of the above.arrow_forward
- Distinguish between divergent and convergent evolution.arrow_forwardCompare and contrast convergent evolution and evolution by common descent, and give an example of each.arrow_forwardThis phylogeny consists of two distinct genera of cat; one with one species (P. aliquam) and another of three species (the red box indicates their distance). The species have three main physical traits: coat colour, ear tufts and tail shape. At the ancestral nodes of the tree, it can be seen what the ancestor of these species looked like for these three traits. Each of these traits has undergone a different type of evolution. Choose one type of evolution and explain the mechanism that brought the given characteristics.arrow_forward
- If mutations such as those of the Ubx gene can drastically change morphology in a single step, why do most evolutionary biologists maintain that modification of existingtraits and the evolution of novel characters have generally proceeded by successive small steps?arrow_forwardMatch the following statements to the correct term. Statements- -characters that are found within two descendants but not necessarily within their common ancestor -two structures that look alike and arise through divergent evolution -a term that can describe two structures that share common features but do not derive from a common ancestor -a term meaning more than one common ancestor Terms- -Analogous -Shared ancestral characters -polyphyletic -homologous -monophyletic -shared derived charactersarrow_forwardWhich of the following best explains why coalescent-based phylogenetic inference is important in the age of phylogenomics? A) Coalescent-based methods directly model gene tree histories independently to infer the species tree in a summary-based manner, which is important for phylogenomic analysis were hundreds to thousands of gene histories are analyzed. B) Coalescent-based methods have the most advanced evolutionary models of molecular evolution, which is important for phylogenomic analysis were hundreds to thousands of gene histories are analyzed. C) Coalescent-based methods are no more important than other types of phylogenetic inference, even for phylogenomic analyses. D) None of the above.arrow_forward
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