EBK BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS
15th Edition
ISBN: 8220103633352
Author: Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3.10, Problem 1MQ
Summary Introduction
Quinones are organic compounds that are derived from
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In electron transfer, only the quinone portion of the ubiquinone undergoes oxidation-reduction; the isoprenoid side chain remains unchanged. What is the function of this chain?
How many ATP’s are formed in the process phosphoglyceraldehyde also known as PGAL?
(3.7) Suppose the intracellular pH of an alkaliphile is 8.5 but the extracellular environment is at
pH9.5. The cellular membrane of the bacterium has an electric potential of Af = -190 mV.
How many c-subunits must the alkaliphilic ATP synthase have for it to work as an ATP synthase
rather than proton pump? Assume that the free energy change for the phosphorylation of ADP to
ATP is AFp = +50 kJ/mol.
Answer:
Chapter 3 Solutions
EBK BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS
Ch. 3.1 - Which four chemical elements make up the bulk of a...Ch. 3.1 - Which two classes of macromolecules contain most...Ch. 3.1 - Differentiate between trace metals and growth...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.2 - Compare and contrast simple transporters, the...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.2 - Cells of Escherichia coli transport lactose via...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.3 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.3 - Prob. 1CR
Ch. 3.4 - What is free energy?Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.4 - Using Table 3.2, calculate G0 for the reaction...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.5 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.5 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.5 - Prob. 3MQCh. 3.5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.6 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.6 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.6 - Prob. 3MQCh. 3.6 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.7 - How much free energy is released when ATP is...Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 3.7 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.8 - Which reactions in glycolysis are redox steps?Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.8 - Prob. 3MQCh. 3.8 - How is ATP made in fermentation and in...Ch. 3.9 - How many molecules of CO2, NADH, and FADH2 are...Ch. 3.9 - What two major roles do the citric acid cycle and...Ch. 3.9 - Why is the glyoxylate cycle necessary for growth...Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.10 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.10 - Which electron carriers described in this section...Ch. 3.10 - List some of the key electron carriers found in...Ch. 3.11 - How do electron transport reactions generate the...Ch. 3.11 - How much energy is released per NADH oxidized...Ch. 3.11 - What structure in the cell links the proton motive...Ch. 3.11 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.12 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.12 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.12 - Prob. 3MQCh. 3.12 - What is the major difference between aerobic...Ch. 3.13 - What form of activated glucose is used in the...Ch. 3.13 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.13 - What functions does the pentose phosphate pathway...Ch. 3.13 - What is the importance of the enzyme...Ch. 3.14 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.14 - List the steps required for the cell to...Ch. 3.14 - Which nitrogen bases are purines and which are...Ch. 3.14 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.15 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.15 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.15 - Describe the process by which a fatty acid such as...Ch. 3 - Using the data of Figure 3.10, predict the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2AQ
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- How many ATP molecules could maximally be generated from one molecule of glucose, if the complete oxidation of 1 mole of glucose to CO2 and H2O yields 686 kcal of free energy and the useful chemical energy available in the high- energy phosphate bond of 1 mole of ATP is 12 kcal?arrow_forwardBoth oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylationtrap energy in high-energy bonds. How are these processesdifferent? How are they the same?arrow_forwardIdentify the molecule produce by the phosphorylation of ADP.arrow_forward
- Are fatty acid propyl esters (biodiesel) formed in the acid-catalysed esterification/transesterification reaction on waste oil more or less polar than glycerol? Briefly explain.arrow_forwardATP synthase is composed of two oligomeric proteins, F and F₁. What is the function and purpose of each protein complex?arrow_forwardWhich of the following correctly describes the linkages found in ATP? two anhydrides, a phospho ester and a glycosidic bond two anhydrides, two phospho esters and a glycosidic bond three anhydrides, a phospho ester and a glycosidic bond one anhydride, two esters and a glycosidic bondarrow_forward
- The oxidation of 1 mol of glucose supplies enough metabolic energy to form 36 mol of ATP. Oxidation of 1 mol of a typical dietary fat like tristearin (C57H116O6) yields enough energy toform 458 mol of ATP. How many molecules of ATP can form per gram of (a) glucose; (b) tristearin?arrow_forwardWhy does CTP favor the T state while ATP favors the R state? (in reference to CTPase).arrow_forwardA student is trying to determine the mechanism for a reaction that uses ATP to activate a carboxylate ion, which then reacts with a thiol. If the carboxyl-ate ion attacks the g-phosphorus of ATP, the reaction products are the thioester, ADP, and phosphate. However, whether it attacks the a-phosphorus or the b-phosphorus of ATP cannot be determined from the reaction products because the thioester, AMP, and pyrophosphate would be the products in both reactions. The mechanisms can be distinguished by a labeling experiment in which the enzyme, the carboxylate ion, ATP, and radioactively labeled pyro-phosphate are incubated, and then the ATP is isolated. If the isolated ATP is radioactive, attack occurred on the a-phosphorus. If it is not radioactive, then attack occurred on the b-phosphorus. Explain these conclusions.arrow_forward
- Why does PGAL have the highest potential energy of glycolysis?arrow_forwardHow many ATPs are synthesized when glycerol is metabolized to ethanol?arrow_forwardThe proton channel of ATP synthase consists of: 8–14 pairs of α helices. 8–14 a subunits. 7 α helices. 8–14 α helices. 8–14 half-channels.arrow_forward
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