(a) Answer Explanation Given Speed(km/h) Fuel used(liters/ 100 km) Speed (km/h) Fuel used(liters/ 100 km) 10 21.00 90 7.57 20 13.00 100 8.27 30 10.00 110 9.03 40 8.00 120 9.87 50 7.00 130 10.79 60 5.90 140 11.77 70 6.30 150 12.83 80 6.95 Calculation: We put speed (the explanatory variable) on the horizontal axis and fuel used (the response variable) on the vertical axis, Figure 9.1 is our completed scatter plot. Conclusion: Therefore, the required scatterplot is drawn. (b) To determine To describe: the form of the relationship and explain why it is not linear Answer The form of the relationship is slightly curved. Most states fall into one of two distinct clusters Explanation The form of the relationship is slightly curved. It does not mean that two variables are not related but it means that two variables are not linearly related. More important, most states fall into one of two distinct clusters. In about 0 -speed, the pattern moves from upper left to lower right. That is, states in which lower speed tend to consume more fuel. This is a negative association between the two variables but in next 60 − 150 k m / h the pattern moves from lower left to upper right. That is, states in which higher speed tend to consume more fuel. This is a positive association between the two variables. It is conclude that if speed is above 60 k m / h fuel consumption increases with speed. (c) To determine To explain: why the variables are not either positively associated or negatively associated Answer Since the relationship is curved not linear, it does not make sense to describe the variables as either positively associated or negatively associated. Explanation Since the relationship is curved not linear, it does not make sense to describe the variables as either positively associated or negatively associated. Positive and negative association works only when variables are linearly related. (d) To determine To explain: whether the relationship is strong or quite weak Answer If data is broke into two parts, then the relationship is very strong If whole data is taken at once and fit it in linear relation then it is weak relationship because overall pattern does not follow a straight line. Explanation If data is broke into two parts, 0 − 60 k m / h and 60 − 150 k m / h then the relationship is very strong because in each case pattern follows a straight line. For 0 − 60 k m / h speed, the pattern moves from upper left to lower right. That is, states in which lower speed tend to consume more fuel. This is a negative association between the two variables but in next 60 − 150 k m / h the pattern moves from lower left to upper right. That is, states in which higher speed tend to consume more fuel. This isa positive association between the two variables. If whole data is taken at once and fit it in linear relation then it is weak relationship because overall pattern does not follow a straight line.

The Practice of Statistics for AP - 4th Edition

4th Edition

ISBN: 9781429245593

Author: Starnes, Daren S., Yates, Daniel S., Moore, David S.

Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education

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Question

Chapter 3.1, Problem 9E

(a)

To determine

To make:a scatterplot for the given data

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 9E

The Practice of Statistics for AP - 4th Edition, Chapter 3.1, Problem 9E , additional homework tip 1

Explanation of Solution

Given

Speed(km/h)	Fuel used(liters/ 100 km)	Speed (km/h)	Fuel used(liters/ 100 km)
10	21.00	90	7.57
20	13.00	100	8.27
30	10.00	110	9.03
40	8.00	120	9.87
50	7.00	130	10.79
60	5.90	140	11.77
70	6.30	150	12.83
80	6.95

Calculation:

We put speed (the explanatory variable) on the horizontal axis and fuel used (the response variable) on the vertical axis, Figure 9.1 is our completed scatter plot.

The Practice of Statistics for AP - 4th Edition, Chapter 3.1, Problem 9E , additional homework tip 2

Conclusion:

Therefore, the required scatterplot is drawn.

(b)

To determine

To describe: the form of the relationship and explain why it is not linear

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 9E

The form of the relationship is slightly curved. Most states fall into one of two distinct clusters

Explanation of Solution

The form of the relationship is slightly curved. It does not mean that two variables are not related but it means that two variables are not linearly related. More important, most states fall into one of two distinct clusters. In about 0 -speed, the pattern moves from upper left to lower right. That is, states in which lower speed tend to consume more fuel. This is a negative association between the two variables but in next 60−150km/h the pattern moves from lower left to upper right. That is, states in which higher speed tend to consume more fuel. This is a positive association between the two variables. It is conclude that if speed is above 60km/h fuel consumption increases with speed.

(c)

To determine

To explain: why the variables are not either positively associated or negatively associated

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 9E

Since the relationship is curved not linear, it does not make sense to describe the variables as either positively associated or negatively associated.

Explanation of Solution

Since the relationship is curved not linear, it does not make sense to describe the variables as either positively associated or negatively associated. Positive and negative association works only when variables are linearly related.

(d)

To determine

To explain: whether the relationship is strong or quite weak

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 9E

If data is broke into two parts, then the relationship is very strong If whole data is taken at once and fit it in linear relation then it is weak relationship because overall pattern does not follow a straight line.

Explanation of Solution

If data is broke into two parts, 0−60km/h and 60−150km/h then the relationship is very strong because in each case pattern follows a straight line. For 0−60km/h speed, the pattern moves from upper left to lower right. That is, states in which lower speed tend to consume more fuel. This is a negative association between the two variables but in next 60−150km/h the pattern moves from lower left to upper right. That is, states in which higher speed tend to consume more fuel. This isa positive association between the two variables. If whole data is taken at once and fit it in linear relation then it is weak relationship because overall pattern does not follow a straight line.

Chapter 3.1, Problem 8E

Chapter 3.1, Problem 10E

Chapter 3 Solutions

The Practice of Statistics for AP - 4th Edition

Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 1.1CYU Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 1.2CYU Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 2.1CYU Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 2.2CYU Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 2.3CYU Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 2.4CYU Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 2.5CYU Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3.1CYU Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3.2CYU Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 1E

Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 2E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 4E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 5E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 6E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 7E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 8E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 9E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 10E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 11E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 12E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 13E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 14E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 15E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 16E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 17E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 18E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 19E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 20E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 21E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 22E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 23E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 24E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 25E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 26E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 27E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 28E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 29E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 30E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 31E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 32E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 33E Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 34E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 1.3CYU Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 1.4CYU Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 2.1CYU Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 3.1CYU Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 3.2CYU Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 3.3CYU Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 4.1CYU Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 4.2CYU Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 5.1CYU Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 5.2CYU Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 35E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 36E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 37E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 38E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 39E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 40E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 41E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 42E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 43E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 44E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 45E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 46E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 47E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 48E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 49E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 50E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 51E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 52E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 53E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 54E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 55E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 56E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 57E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 58E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 59E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 60E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 61E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 62E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 63E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 64E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 65E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 66E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 67E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 68E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 69E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 70E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 71E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 72E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 73E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 74E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 75E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 76E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 77E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 78E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 79E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 80E Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 81E Ch. 3 - Prob. 1CRE Ch. 3 - Prob. 2CRE Ch. 3 - Prob. 3CRE Ch. 3 - Prob. 4CRE Ch. 3 - Prob. 5CRE Ch. 3 - Prob. 6CRE Ch. 3 - Prob. 7CRE Ch. 3 - Prob. 1PT Ch. 3 - Prob. 2PT Ch. 3 - Prob. 3PT Ch. 3 - Prob. 4PT Ch. 3 - Prob. 5PT Ch. 3 - Prob. 6PT Ch. 3 - Prob. 7PT Ch. 3 - Prob. 8PT Ch. 3 - Prob. 9PT Ch. 3 - Prob. 10PT Ch. 3 - Prob. 11PT Ch. 3 - Prob. 12PT Ch. 3 - Prob. 13PT

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