Physics (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321976444
Author: James S. Walker
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 31, Problem 5PCE
To determine
The distance of closest approach between the alpha particle and the gold nucleus for the case
K = 5.3 MeV
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An 8.3 MeV alpha particle is shot directly toward the nucleus of a gold atom (atomic number 79). What is the distance of closest approach of the alpha particle to the nucleus?
Chapter 31 Solutions
Physics (5th Edition)
Ch. 31.1 - Prob. 1EYUCh. 31.2 - Prob. 2EYUCh. 31.3 - Prob. 3EYUCh. 31.4 - Prob. 4EYUCh. 31.5 - Prob. 5EYUCh. 31.6 - Prob. 6EYUCh. 31.7 - Prob. 7EYUCh. 31 - Prob. 1CQCh. 31 - Prob. 2CQCh. 31 - Prob. 3CQ
Ch. 31 - Prob. 4CQCh. 31 - Prob. 5CQCh. 31 - Prob. 6CQCh. 31 - Prob. 7CQCh. 31 - Prob. 8CQCh. 31 - Prob. 9CQCh. 31 - Prob. 1PCECh. 31 - Prob. 2PCECh. 31 - Prob. 3PCECh. 31 - Prob. 4PCECh. 31 - Prob. 5PCECh. 31 - Prob. 6PCECh. 31 - Prob. 7PCECh. 31 - Prob. 8PCECh. 31 - Prob. 9PCECh. 31 - Prob. 10PCECh. 31 - Prob. 11PCECh. 31 - Prob. 12PCECh. 31 - Prob. 13PCECh. 31 - Prob. 14PCECh. 31 - Prob. 15PCECh. 31 - Prob. 16PCECh. 31 - Prob. 17PCECh. 31 - Prob. 18PCECh. 31 - Prob. 19PCECh. 31 - Prob. 20PCECh. 31 - Prob. 21PCECh. 31 - Prob. 22PCECh. 31 - Prob. 23PCECh. 31 - Prob. 24PCECh. 31 - Prob. 25PCECh. 31 - Prob. 26PCECh. 31 - Prob. 27PCECh. 31 - Prob. 28PCECh. 31 - Prob. 29PCECh. 31 - Prob. 30PCECh. 31 - Prob. 31PCECh. 31 - Prob. 32PCECh. 31 - Prob. 33PCECh. 31 - Prob. 34PCECh. 31 - Prob. 35PCECh. 31 - Prob. 36PCECh. 31 - Prob. 37PCECh. 31 - Prob. 38PCECh. 31 - Prob. 39PCECh. 31 - Prob. 40PCECh. 31 - Prob. 41PCECh. 31 - Prob. 42PCECh. 31 - Prob. 43PCECh. 31 - Prob. 44PCECh. 31 - Prob. 45PCECh. 31 - Prob. 46PCECh. 31 - Prob. 47PCECh. 31 - Prob. 48PCECh. 31 - Prob. 49PCECh. 31 - Prob. 50PCECh. 31 - Prob. 51PCECh. 31 - Prob. 52PCECh. 31 - Give the electronic configuration for the ground...Ch. 31 - Prob. 54PCECh. 31 - Prob. 55PCECh. 31 - Prob. 56PCECh. 31 - The configuration of the outer electrons in Ni is...Ch. 31 - Prob. 58PCECh. 31 - Prob. 59PCECh. 31 - Prob. 60PCECh. 31 - Prob. 61PCECh. 31 - Prob. 62PCECh. 31 - Prob. 63PCECh. 31 - Prob. 64PCECh. 31 - Prob. 65PCECh. 31 - Prob. 66PCECh. 31 - Prob. 67PCECh. 31 - Prob. 68GPCh. 31 - Prob. 69GPCh. 31 - Prob. 70GPCh. 31 - Prob. 71GPCh. 31 - Prob. 72GPCh. 31 - Prob. 73GPCh. 31 - Prob. 74GPCh. 31 - Prob. 75GPCh. 31 - Prob. 76GPCh. 31 - Prob. 77GPCh. 31 - Prob. 78GPCh. 31 - Prob. 79GPCh. 31 - Prob. 80GPCh. 31 - Prob. 81GPCh. 31 - Prob. 82GPCh. 31 - Prob. 83GPCh. 31 - Prob. 84PPCh. 31 - Prob. 85PPCh. 31 - Prob. 86PPCh. 31 - Prob. 87PPCh. 31 - Prob. 88PPCh. 31 - Prob. 89PP
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- Alpha particles of mass m = 6.64 ✕ 10−27 kg and kinetic energy K = 905 keV are projected at a target nucleus. If the alpha particles have a de Broglie wavelength with the same value as the diameter of the target nucleus, determine the radius (in m) of the target nucleus.arrow_forwardIn an alpha particle (42He) scattering experiment, using a thin gold (19779Au) foil, the initial kinetic energy of the alpha particle is 2.0MeV. What is the potential energy of the alpha particle/gold nucleus system at closest impact?arrow_forwardIn a Rutherford scattering experiment, an a-particle (charge = +2e) heads directly toward a gold nucleus (charge = +79e). The α-particle had a kinetic energy of 5.0 MeV when very far (r→ ∞) from the nucleus. Assuming the gold nucleus to be fixed in space, determine the distance of closest approach. Hint: Use conservation of energy with PE =kq1q2/r.arrow_forward
- Electron capture is a variant on beta-radiation. The lightest nucleus to decay by electron capture is 7Be -- beryllium-7. The daughter nucleus is 7Li -- lithium-7. The electron is transformed into a massless particle (a neutrino): e +"Be* → "Li + v The initial electron is bound in the atom, so the beryllium mass includes the electron. Infact, since the electron starts bound in the atom, a more-accurate statement of the nuclear reaction is probably: "Be → "Li + v The masses are beryllium: 7.016929 u, and lithium: 7.016003 u, and refer to the neutral atom as a whole. (Use uc and uc² as your momentum and energy units -- but carry them along in your calculation.) The initial beryllium atom is stationary. Calculate the speed of the final lithium nucleus in km/s. (You will make life much easier for yourself if you recognize that practically all the energy released goes into the lighter particle. c = 300,000 km/s)arrow_forwardWhile reproducing the Rutherford scattering experiment in an advanced laboratory class, a student uses a gold foil with thickness 28.8 nm. The radioactive source emits α particles at 7.70 MeV, and the detector is placed at 12.5 cm from the target foil. What fraction of the α particles is detected per unit area at an angle of 40.6°? What fraction of the α particles will scatter to the angle given above or higher?arrow_forwardAn alpha particle is accelerated from rest through a potential difference of 35 MV. What is the kinetic energy of the alpha particle, in MeV? Answer:arrow_forward
- A 20 MeV alpha particle is fired toward a 238U nucleus. It follows the path as shown. What is the alpha particle’s speed when it is closest to the nucleus, 20 fm from its center? Assume that the nucleus doesn’t move.arrow_forwardThe very high speeds of alpha particles make them suitable for experiments that probe the nature of matter. A nucleus ejects an alpha particle with a kinetic energy of 8.3 MeV, a typical energy. How fast is the alpha particle moving?arrow_forwardHow much energy is imparted to one cell during one day’s treatment? Assume that the specific gravity of the tumor is 1 and that 1 J = 6 * 1018 eV. (a) 120 keV; (b) 12 MeV; (c) 120 MeV; (d) 120 * 103 MeV.arrow_forward
- From far away a proton is fired directly toward the center of the nucleus of a mercury atom. Mercury is element number 80, and the diameter of the nucleus is 14.0 fm. Assume the mercury nucleus is fully-ionized, with no electrons bound to it. If the proton is fired at a speed of 3.8×107 m/s, what is its closest approach to the surface of the nucleus? Assume the nucleus remains at rest. Express your answer with the appropriate units. ► View Available Hint(s) 0 d = 2.7 Submit A fm Previous Answers ? X Incorrect; Try Again; 13 attempts remainingarrow_forwardIn positron-emission tomography (PET) used in medical research and diagnosis, compounds containing unstable nuclei that emit positrons are introduced into the brain, destined for a site of interest in the brain. When a positron is emitted, it goes only a short distance before coming nearly to rest. It forms a bound state with an electron, called "positronium", which is rather similar to a hydrogen atom. The binding energy of positronium is very small compared to the rest energy of an electron. After a short time the positron and electron annihilate. In the annihilation, the positron and the electron disappear, and all of their rest energy goes into two photons (particles of light) which have zero mass; all their energy is kinetic energy. These high energy photons, called "gamma rays", are emitted at nearly 180° to each other. What energy of gamma ray (in MeV, million electron volts) should each of the detectors be made sensitive to? (The mass of an electron or positron is 9 x 10-31 kg.…arrow_forwardWhen an alpha particle collides elastically with a nucleus, the nucleus recoils. Suppose a 5.00 MeV alpha particle has a headon elastic collision with a gold nucleus that is initially at rest.What is the kinetic energy of (a) the recoiling nucleus and (b) the rebounding alpha particle?arrow_forward
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