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Classify each terpene and terpenoid in Problem 31.26 (e.g., as a monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.).
(a)
Interpretation: The terpene and terpenoid are to be classified as monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.
Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups. Monoterpenes contain two isoprene units, sesquiterpene contain three isoprene units etc.
Answer to Problem 31.27P
Neral is classified as monoterpene.
Explanation of Solution
The structure of isoprene is,
Figure 1
The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.
The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.
Figure 2
The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are two isoprene units present in the given compound. Neral is classified as monoterpene.
Neral is classified as monoterpene.
(b)
Interpretation: The terpene and terpenoid are to be classified as monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.
Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups. Monoterpenes contain two isoprene units, sesquiterpene contain three isoprene units etc.
Answer to Problem 31.27P
Carvone is classified as monoterpene.
Explanation of Solution
The structure of isoprene is,
Figure 1
The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.
The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.
Figure 3
The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are two isoprene units present in the given compound. Carvone is classified as monoterpene.
Carvone is classified as monoterpene.
(c)
Interpretation: The terpene and terpenoid are to be classified as monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.
Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups. Monoterpenes contain two isoprene units, sesquiterpene contain three isoprene units etc.
Answer to Problem 31.27P
Lycopene is classified as tetraterpene.
Explanation of Solution
The structure of isoprene is,
Figure 1
The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.
The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.
Figure 4
The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are eight isoprene units present in the given compound. Lycopene is classified as tetraterpene.
Lycopene is classified as tetraterpene.
(d)
Interpretation: The terpene and terpenoid are to be classified as monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.
Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups. Monoterpenes contain two isoprene units, sesquiterpene contain three isoprene units etc.
Answer to Problem 31.27P
The
Explanation of Solution
The structure of isoprene is,
Figure 1
The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.
The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.
Figure 5
The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are eight isoprene units present in the given compound. The
The
(e)
Interpretation: The terpene and terpenoid are to be classified as monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.
Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups. Monoterpenes contain two isoprene units, sesquiterpene contain three isoprene units etc.
Answer to Problem 31.27P
Patchouli alcohol is classified as sesquiterpene.
Explanation of Solution
The structure of isoprene is,
Figure 1
The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.
The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.
Figure 6
The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are three isoprene units present in the given compound. Patchouli alcohol is classified as sesquiterpene.
Patchouli alcohol is classified as sesquiterpene.
(f)
Interpretation: The terpene and terpenoid are to be classified as monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.
Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups. Monoterpenes contain two isoprene units, sesquiterpene contain three isoprene units etc.
Answer to Problem 31.27P
Periplanone B is classified as sesquiterpene.
Explanation of Solution
The structure of isoprene is,
Figure 1
The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.
The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.
Figure 7
The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are three isoprene units present in the given compound. Periplanone B is classified as sesquiterpene.
Periplanone B is classified as sesquiterpene.
(g)
Interpretation: The terpene and terpenoid are to be classified as monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.
Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups. Monoterpenes contain two isoprene units, sesquiterpene contain three isoprene units etc.
Answer to Problem 31.27P
Dextropimaric acid is classified as diterpene.
Explanation of Solution
The structure of isoprene is,
Figure 1
The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.
The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.
Figure 8
The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are four isoprene units present in the given compound. Dextropimaric acid is classified as diterpene.
Dextropimaric acid is classified as diterpene.
(h)
Interpretation: The terpene and terpenoid are to be classified as monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.
Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups. Monoterpenes contain two isoprene units, sesquiterpene contain three isoprene units etc.
Answer to Problem 31.27P
The
Explanation of Solution
The structure of isoprene is,
Figure 1
The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.
The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.
Figure 9
The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are four isoprene units present in the given compound. The
The
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Chapter 31 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
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Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning