Concept explainers
Videos
Classify each terpene and terpenoid in Problem 31.26 (e.g., as a monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.).
(a)
Interpretation: The terpene and terpenoid are to be classified as monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.
Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups. Monoterpenes contain two isoprene units, sesquiterpene contain three isoprene units etc.
Answer to Problem 31.27P
Neral is classified as monoterpene.
Explanation of Solution
The structure of isoprene is,
Figure 1
The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.
The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.
Figure 2
The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are two isoprene units present in the given compound. Neral is classified as monoterpene.
Neral is classified as monoterpene.
(b)
Interpretation: The terpene and terpenoid are to be classified as monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.
Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups. Monoterpenes contain two isoprene units, sesquiterpene contain three isoprene units etc.
Answer to Problem 31.27P
Carvone is classified as monoterpene.
Explanation of Solution
The structure of isoprene is,
Figure 1
The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.
The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.
Figure 3
The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are two isoprene units present in the given compound. Carvone is classified as monoterpene.
Carvone is classified as monoterpene.
(c)
Interpretation: The terpene and terpenoid are to be classified as monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.
Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups. Monoterpenes contain two isoprene units, sesquiterpene contain three isoprene units etc.
Answer to Problem 31.27P
Lycopene is classified as tetraterpene.
Explanation of Solution
The structure of isoprene is,
Figure 1
The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.
The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.
Figure 4
The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are eight isoprene units present in the given compound. Lycopene is classified as tetraterpene.
Lycopene is classified as tetraterpene.
(d)
Interpretation: The terpene and terpenoid are to be classified as monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.
Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups. Monoterpenes contain two isoprene units, sesquiterpene contain three isoprene units etc.
Answer to Problem 31.27P
The
Explanation of Solution
The structure of isoprene is,
Figure 1
The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.
The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.
Figure 5
The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are eight isoprene units present in the given compound. The
The
(e)
Interpretation: The terpene and terpenoid are to be classified as monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.
Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups. Monoterpenes contain two isoprene units, sesquiterpene contain three isoprene units etc.
Answer to Problem 31.27P
Patchouli alcohol is classified as sesquiterpene.
Explanation of Solution
The structure of isoprene is,
Figure 1
The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.
The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.
Figure 6
The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are three isoprene units present in the given compound. Patchouli alcohol is classified as sesquiterpene.
Patchouli alcohol is classified as sesquiterpene.
(f)
Interpretation: The terpene and terpenoid are to be classified as monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.
Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups. Monoterpenes contain two isoprene units, sesquiterpene contain three isoprene units etc.
Answer to Problem 31.27P
Periplanone B is classified as sesquiterpene.
Explanation of Solution
The structure of isoprene is,
Figure 1
The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.
The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.
Figure 7
The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are three isoprene units present in the given compound. Periplanone B is classified as sesquiterpene.
Periplanone B is classified as sesquiterpene.
(g)
Interpretation: The terpene and terpenoid are to be classified as monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.
Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups. Monoterpenes contain two isoprene units, sesquiterpene contain three isoprene units etc.
Answer to Problem 31.27P
Dextropimaric acid is classified as diterpene.
Explanation of Solution
The structure of isoprene is,
Figure 1
The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.
The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.
Figure 8
The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are four isoprene units present in the given compound. Dextropimaric acid is classified as diterpene.
Dextropimaric acid is classified as diterpene.
(h)
Interpretation: The terpene and terpenoid are to be classified as monoterpene, sesquiterpene, etc.
Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups. Monoterpenes contain two isoprene units, sesquiterpene contain three isoprene units etc.
Answer to Problem 31.27P
The
Explanation of Solution
The structure of isoprene is,
Figure 1
The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.
The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.
Figure 9
The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are four isoprene units present in the given compound. The
The
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 31 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- How to draw this mechanism for the foloowing reaction in the foto. thank youarrow_forwardPredict the major products of the following organic reaction: Some important notes: CN A? • Draw the major product, or products, of the reaction in the drawing area below. • If there aren't any products, because no reaction will take place, check the box below the drawing area instead. • Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products that are enantiomers. No reaction. Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure. 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use Privacy Centerarrow_forwardDraw the major product of the following reaction. Do not draw inorganic byproducts. H3PO4 OHarrow_forward
- Predict the major products of this organic reaction: HBr (1 equiv) Δ ? Some important notes: • Draw the major product, or products, of this reaction in the drawing area below. • You can draw the products in any arrangement you like. • Pay careful attention to the reaction conditions, and only include the major products. • Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products that are enantiomers. • Note that there is only 1 equivalent of HBr reactant, so you need not consider the case of multiple additions. Explanation Check X ©2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacyarrow_forwardFor the structure below, draw the resonance structure that is indicated by the curved arrow(s). Be sure to include formal charges. :ÖH Modify the second structure given to draw the new resonance structure. Include lone pairs and charges in your structure. Use the + and - tools to add/remove charges to an atom, and use the single bond tool to add/remove double bonds.arrow_forwardUsing the table of Reactants and Products provided in the Hints section, provide the major product (with the correct stereochemistry when applicable) for questions below by selecting the letter that corresponds to the exact chemical structures for the possible product. OH conc Hydrochloric acid 40°C Temp A/arrow_forward
- Using arrows to designate the flow of electrons, complete the reaction below and provide a detailed mechanism for the formation of the product OH conc Hydrochloric acid 40°C Temp All chemical structures should be hand drawn on a piece of paper Paragraph BI UAE +varrow_forwarddraw out the following structures plesearrow_forwardDraw everything on a piece of paper outlining the synthesis from acetaldehyde to 2 cyclopentene carboxaldehyde using carbon based reagants with 3 carbons or fewers. Here is the attached image.arrow_forward
- Manoharan Mariappan, FR.D., 34) Complete the following reaction starting from hex-1-yne proceeding via different substitution reactions forming 2-heptanone. (25 pts). A Sia₂BH H₂O₂ NaOH Br D Mechanism for reaction D - ether-cleavage: 10 B Ph-MgCI, THF H₁₂O+ D HBr (XS) C TsCl, Py CH3-CH2-CH2-ONaarrow_forwardIn the table below, the correct structure for (2R)-3-methylpentan-2-ol (IUPAC name) can be represented by the letter OH OH HE > ' ÕH C B OH D A/ E OHarrow_forwardPredict the major products of the following organic reaction: + A Δ ? Some important notes: • Draw the major product, or products, of the reaction in the drawing area below. • If there aren't any products, because no reaction will take place, check the box below the drawing area instead. Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products that are enantiomers. Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Save For Later 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Usearrow_forward
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning