Statistics for Business & Economics
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781285528830
Author: David R. Anderson
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Chapter 3, Problem 5CP
African Elephant Populations
Although millions of elephants once roamed across Africa, by the mid-1980s elephant populations in African nations had been devastated by poaching. Elephants are important to African ecosystems. In tropical forests, elephants create clearings in the canopy that encourage new tree growth. In savannas, elephants reduce bush cover to create an environment that is favorable to browsing and grazing animals. In addition, the seeds of many plant species depend on passing through an elephant’s digestive tract before germination.
The status of the elephant now varies greatly across the continent; in some nations, strong measures have been taken to effectively protect elephant populations, while in other nations the elephant populations remain in danger due to poaching for meat and ivory, loss of habitat, and conflict with humans. Table 3.13 shows elephant populations for several African nations in 1979, 1989, and 2007 (Lemieux and Clarke, “The International Ban on Ivory Sales and Its Effects on Elephant Poaching in Africa,” British Journal of Criminology, 49(4), 2009).
The David Sheldrick Wildlife Trust was established in 1977 to honor the memory of naturalist David Leslie William Sheldrick who founded Warden of Tsavo East National Park in Kenya and headed the Planning Unit of the Wildlife Conservation and Management Department in that country. Management of the Sheldrick Trust would like to know what these data indicate about elephant populations in various African countries since 1979.
Managerial Report
Use methods of
- 1. The mean annual change in elephant population for each country in the 10 years from 1979 to 1989, and a discussion of which countries saw the largest changes in elephant population over this 10-year period.
- 2. The mean annual change in elephant population for each country from 1989 to 2007, and a discussion of which countries saw the largest changes in elephant population over this 18-year period.
- 3. A comparison of your results from parts 1 and 2, and a discussion of the conclusions you can draw from this comparison.
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Although millions of elephants once roamed across Africa, by the mid-1980s elephant populations in African nations had been devastated by poaching. Elephants are important to African ecosystems. In tropical forests, elephants create clearings in the canopy that encourage new tree growth. In savannas, elephants reduce bush cover to create an environment that is favorable to browsing and grazing animals. In addition, the seeds of many plant species depend on passing through an elephant’s digestive tract before germination.
The status of the elephant now varies greatly across the continent. In some nations, strong measures have been taken to effectively protect elephant populations; for example, Kenya has destroyed over five tons of elephant ivory confiscated from poachers in an attempt to deter the growth of the illegal ivory trade (Associated Press, July 20, 2011). In other nations, the elephant populations remain in danger due to poaching for meat and ivory, loss of habitat, and…
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Statistics for Business & Economics
Ch. 3.1 - Consider a sample with data values of 10, 20, 12,...Ch. 3.1 - Consider a sample with data values of 10, 20, 21,...Ch. 3.1 - Consider the following data and corresponding...Ch. 3.1 - Consider the following data. Period Rate of Return...Ch. 3.1 - Consider a sample with data values of 27, 25, 20,...Ch. 3.1 - Consider a sample with data values of 53, 55, 70,...Ch. 3.1 - The average number of minutes Americans commute to...Ch. 3.1 - During the 2007-2008 NCAA college basketball...Ch. 3.1 - Endowment income is a critical part of the annual...Ch. 3.1 - The cost of consumer purchases such as...
Ch. 3.1 - According to the National Education Association...Ch. 3.1 - The Big Bang Theory, a situation comedy featuring...Ch. 3.1 - In automobile mileage and gasoline-consumption...Ch. 3.1 - The data contained in the file named StateUnemp...Ch. 3.1 - Martinez Auto Supplies has retail stores located...Ch. 3.1 - The grade point average for college students is...Ch. 3.1 - The following table shows the total return and the...Ch. 3.1 - Based on a survey of masters programs in business...Ch. 3.1 - Annual revenue for Corning Supplies grew by 5.5%...Ch. 3.1 - Suppose that at the beginning of 2004 you invested...Ch. 3.1 - If an asset declines in value from 5000 to 3500...Ch. 3.1 - The current value of a company is 25 million. If...Ch. 3.2 - Consider a sample with data values of 10, 20, 12,...Ch. 3.2 - Consider a sample with data values of 10, 20, 12,...Ch. 3.2 - Consider a sample with data values of 27, 25, 20,...Ch. 3.2 - A bowlers scores for six games were 182, 168, 184,...Ch. 3.2 - The results of a search to find the least...Ch. 3.2 - The Australian Open is the first of the four grand...Ch. 3.2 - The Los Angeles times regularly reports the air...Ch. 3.2 - The following data were used to construct the...Ch. 3.2 - The results of Accounting Principals latest...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 32ECh. 3.2 - Scores turned in by an amateur golfer at the...Ch. 3.2 - The following times were recorded by the...Ch. 3.3 - Consider a sample with data values of 10, 20, 12,...Ch. 3.3 - Consider a sample with a mean of 500 and a...Ch. 3.3 - Consider a sample with a mean of 30 and a standard...Ch. 3.3 - Suppose the data have a bell-shaped distribution...Ch. 3.3 - The results of a national survey showed that on...Ch. 3.3 - The energy information Administration reported...Ch. 3.3 - The national average for the math portion of the...Ch. 3.3 - Many families in California are using backyard...Ch. 3.3 - Florida Power Light (FPL) Company has enjoyed a...Ch. 3.3 - A sample of 10 NCAA college basketball game scores...Ch. 3.3 - The Associated Press Team Marketing Report listed...Ch. 3.4 - Consider a sample with data values of 27, 25, 20,...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 47ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 48ECh. 3.4 - A data set has a first quartile of 42 and a third...Ch. 3.4 - Naples, Florida, hosts a half-marathon (13.1-mile...Ch. 3.4 - Annual sales, in millions of dollars, for 21...Ch. 3.4 - Consumer Reports provided overall customer...Ch. 3.4 - The Philadelphia Phillies defeated the Tampa Bay...Ch. 3.4 - A listing of 46 mutual funds and their 12-month...Ch. 3.5 - Five observations taken for two variables follow....Ch. 3.5 - Five observations taken for two variables follow....Ch. 3.5 - Ten major college football bowl games were played...Ch. 3.5 - A department of transportations study on driving...Ch. 3.5 - At the beginning of 2009, the economic downturn...Ch. 3.5 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) and the...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 61ECh. 3 - The average number of times Americans dine out in...Ch. 3 - The U.S. Census Bureau provides statistics on...Ch. 3 - The average waiting time for a patient at an El...Ch. 3 - The U.S. Department of Education reports that...Ch. 3 - Small business owners often look to payroll...Ch. 3 - Public transportation and the automobile are two...Ch. 3 - The National Association of Realtors reported the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 69SECh. 3 - Travel + Leisure magazine provides an annual list...Ch. 3 - Morningstar tracks the performance of a large...Ch. 3 - Does a major league baseball teams record during...Ch. 3 - The days to maturity for a sample of five money...Ch. 3 - Automobiles traveling on a road with a posted...Ch. 3 - The Panama Railroad Company was established in...Ch. 3 - Pelican Stores Pelican Stores, a division of...Ch. 3 - Motion Picture Industry The motion picture...Ch. 3 - Business Schools of Asia-Pacific The pursuit of a...Ch. 3 - Heavenly Chocolates Website Transactions Heavenly...Ch. 3 - African Elephant Populations Although millions of...
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