
(a)
Interpretation:
The unit cell number should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The arrangement of ions, molecules and atoms is placed in order in the material of crystalline. Intrinsic nature gives the ordered structure of the particles that helps to form the symmetric pattern. This symmetric pattern is repeated with the three principal directions of the dimensional space.
(b)
Interpretation:
Atom number of iron atoms in the paper clip should be calculated.
Concept Introduction:
The arrangement of ions, molecules and atoms is placed in order in the material of crystalline. Intrinsic nature gives the ordered structure of the particles that helps to form the symmetric pattern. This symmetric pattern is repeated with the three principal directions of the dimensional space.

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Chapter 3 Solutions
Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering
- K/S 46. (O المهمات الجديدة 0 المنتهية 12 المغـ ۱۱:۰۹ search ليس لديك اي مهمات ☐ ○ ☑arrow_forwardthe answer should be: V2= -(P0-PL/2μL)(dx-x^)+Ux/darrow_forwardFor some viscoelastic polymers that are subjected to stress relaxation tests, the stress decays with time according to a(t) = a(0) exp(-4) (15.10) where σ(t) and o(0) represent the time-dependent and initial (i.e., time = 0) stresses, respectively, and t and T denote elapsed time and the relaxation time, respectively; T is a time-independent constant characteristic of the material. A specimen of a viscoelastic polymer whose stress relaxation obeys Equation 15.10 was suddenly pulled in tension to a measured strain of 0.5; the stress necessary to maintain this constant strain was measured as a function of time. Determine E (10) for this material if the initial stress level was 3.5 MPa (500 psi), which dropped to 0.5 MPa (70 psi) after 30 s.arrow_forward
- 1. Consider the following a unity feedback control system. R(s) + E(s) 500(s+2)(s+5)(s+6) s(s+8)(s+10)(s+12) -Y(s) Find the followings: a) Type of the system b) Static position error constant Kp, Static velocity error constant Ry and Static acceleration error constant Ka c) Find the steady-state error of the system for (i) step input 1(t), (ii) ramp input t 1(t), (iii) parabolic input t² 1(t). 2. Repeat the above problem for the following system. R(s) + E(s) 500(s + 2)(s + 5) (s+8)(s+ 10)(s+12) Y(s) 3. Repeat the above problem for the following system. R(s) + E(s) 500(s+2)(s+4)(s+5)(s+6)(s+7) s²(s+8)(s+10)(s+12) Y(s)arrow_forwardFor the flows in Examples 11.1 and 11.2, calculate the magnitudes of the Δ V2 / 2 terms omitted in B.E., and compare these with the magnitude of the ℱ terms.arrow_forward4. Consider a unity (negative) feedback control system whose open-loop transfer function is given by the following. 2 G(s) = s³ (s + 2) Find the steady-state error of the system for each of the following inputs. = a) u(t) (t²+8t+5) 1(t) b) u(t) = 3t³ 1(t) c) u(t) (t+5t² - 1) 1(t) =arrow_forward
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- Calculate ℛP.M. in Example 11.2.arrow_forwardFor spherical sand particles with Dp = 0.03 and ρparticles = 150 lbm / ft3 estimate the minimum fluidizing velocity for air and for water. Assume ε = 0.3. In the case of the water we must rederive Eq. 11.42, taking into account the buoyant force on the particles. Below are the provide answers. Please show all work to get to the correct answers.arrow_forward7. Answer the following questions. Take help from ChatGPT to answer these questions (if you need). But write the answers briefly using your own words with no more than two sentences and make sure you check whether ChatGPT is giving you the appropriate answers in the context of class. a) Why do we need transient performance metrics? Name a few of such metrics. b) Define (i) settling time, (ii) rise time, (iii) peak time and (iv) percent overshoot. c) What is damping ratio? How does overshoot change with the change of damping ratio? When do we have zero overshoot? d) What is the criterion for selecting dominant pole in higher order systems? When dominant pole approximation is not valid? How will you calculate the transient performance metrics for the case when dominant pole approximation does not hold?arrow_forward
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