Biological Science
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321743671
Author: Scott Freeman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 3, Problem 16TYPSS
Summary Introduction
To review:
The differentiating factor between the inherited prion protein, like in the case of fatal familial insomnia and the prion protein generated via transmission from one animal to another.
Introduction:
Proteins are the functional units of life. They carry out all the functions of the cell. Translation of the mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) in the cytoplasm yields a polypeptide chain. This polypeptide chain composed of amino acid residues are folded into secondary, tertiary or quaternary structures. The correct protein folding is assisted by molecular chaperones.
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Which of the following highly contagious viruses is a single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus with a helical capsid and envelope and is transmitted by coming in contact with respiratory secretions?
"This is a highly contagious respiratory illness transmitted when an infected person coughs or sneezes virus particles into the air," the health department said in a written statement. "It's so contagious that if one person is sick and spreading measles, nine out of 10 people around them who aren't immune will get it, too."
Group of answer choices
a. Measles
b. Parvovirus
c. Coxsackie virus A
d. Rhinovirus
Select all of the following that applies to the tradeoff between transmission and virulence that applies to many diseases.
a) The tradeoff between transmission and virulence means that diseases always evolve to become more virulent.
b) If greater virulence limits transmission, that disease will likely evolve to become less virulent than it could be.
c) While making more copies of itself can increase the likelihood of transmission occurring, too much replication of the disease can make the host so sick it won't leave the house and spread the disease.
d) A strain of a disease that replicates enough to be transmitted, but not so much that the host gets too sick to move, will be favored by natural selection over strains that either make the host too sick or do not replicate enough to be transmitted.
e) If a disease can spread without making its host sick (e.g. when the host is asymptomatic), then the tradeoff between transmission and virulence…
a "persistent infection" is best described as:
A) chronic infection in which viral genes are not expressed and viral proteins are NOT made
B) an infection in which the viral nucleic acid does NOT persist/stay in the host cell
C) A general term that describes all chronic/long-term infections
D) chronic infection in which viral proteins are constantly made
E) chronic infections that usually do NOT have a fatal outcome
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