Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 28.4, Problem 1MQ
- Describe the disc diffusion test and the Etest for antimicrobial susceptibility. For an individual organism and an antimicrobial agent, what do the results signify?
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Chapter 28 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 28.1 - The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is...Ch. 28.1 - Identify and discuss the standard safety...Ch. 28.1 - Prob. 1CRCh. 28.2 - Prob. 1MQCh. 28.2 - How can the spread of HAIs be controlled?Ch. 28.2 - Prob. 1CRCh. 28.3 - What are the key points necessary for proper...Ch. 28.3 - Identify culture methods and conditions used for...Ch. 28.3 - QWhy is it important to process clinical specimens...Ch. 28.4 - Describe the disc diffusion test and the Etest for...
Ch. 28.4 - What is the value of antimicrobial drug...Ch. 28.4 - QDescribe the disc diffusion test for antibiotic...Ch. 28.5 - Explain the reasons for changes in antibody titer...Ch. 28.5 - Describe the method, time frame, and rationale for...Ch. 28.5 - What advantages do monoclonal antibodies have...Ch. 28.5 - QWhy does antibody titer rise after infection? Is...Ch. 28.6 - How is the bivalence of antibodies significant for...Ch. 28.6 - What are the advantages and disadvantages of...Ch. 28.6 - Why are agglutination tests so widely used in...Ch. 28.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 28.7 - Compare the advantages and disadvantages of EIA,...Ch. 28.7 - Prob. 1CRCh. 28.8 - What advantage(s) does nucleic acid amplification...Ch. 28.8 - How do quantitative PCR (qPCR) and qualitative PCR...Ch. 28.8 - Distinguish between quantitative and qualitative...Ch. 28.9 - Compare and contrast live attenuated vaccines,...Ch. 28.9 - Identify the advantages of alternative...Ch. 28.9 - QList the immunizations recommended for children...Ch. 28.10 - Prob. 1MQCh. 28.10 - How does the activity of each antibiotic class...Ch. 28.10 - What are the sources of aminoglycosides,...Ch. 28.10 - Antibiotics are chemically diverse antimicrobial...Ch. 28.11 - What steps in the viral maturation process are...Ch. 28.11 - Why are there fewer clinically effective...Ch. 28.11 - Why is host toxicity a common problem with...Ch. 28.12 - Identify the basic mechanisms of antibiotic...Ch. 28.12 - What does vancomycin have in common with...Ch. 28.12 - Prob. 3MQCh. 28.12 - What practices contribute to the spread of...Ch. 28 - Define the procedures you would use to isolate and...Ch. 28 - Prob. 2AQCh. 28 - Describe three important reasons why semisynthetic...Ch. 28 - Imagine yourself as a clinical microbiologist with...
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- What are the tests to determine the level of antimicrobial activity of a antimicrobial agent? How dilution susceptibility and disk diffusion test can be used to determine the effectiveness of a drug?arrow_forwardDescribe four general mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance.arrow_forwardwhat are the methods pf measuring antimicrobial susceptibility?? Also what is the purpose of measuring it?arrow_forward
- Explain why the bacitracin and novobiocin tests have different cutoff measurements for sensitivity/resistance.arrow_forwardDifferentiate Streptolysin O from Streptolysin S. What titer is significant for streptococcal infection? Discuss the principle behind ASO titration method based on Neutralization reaction.arrow_forwardDiscuss the procedure and application for the agar well diffusion method of evaluating antimicrobial activity.arrow_forward
- Why are antimicrobials only directly effective against bacteria and what is the control on the antimicrobial plate?arrow_forwardState the principle of the antiglobulin test. Differentiate monoclonal from polyclonal and monospecific from polyspecific antihuman globulin (AHG) reagents.arrow_forwardExplain the effect of beta-lactamase in antimicrobial resistance. Include: who produces it, why it causes resistance, how it causes resistance.arrow_forward
- What are the major actions of antimicrobial agents? What criteria are used in the selection of antimicrobial agents?arrow_forwardIf an infectious agent is sensitive to several antimicrobial drugs, what other considerations might be used to determine the best treatment option?arrow_forwardDescribe four modes of action of antimicrobial agents, and provideexamples of how they work.arrow_forward
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