(a) Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted. Concept introduction: The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ether groups in presence of base and alkyl halide . Glycosidic linkages are hydrolyzed in presence of acid to form cyclic hemiacetal and corresponding alcohol.

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 28, Problem 28.55P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ether groups in presence of base and alkyl halide. Glycosidic linkages are hydrolyzed in presence of acid to form cyclic hemiacetal and corresponding alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ether groups in presence of base and alkyl halide. The carbonyl group of aldoses can be reduced to alcohol using metal hydrides.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The aldehyde group of aldoses oxidizes to carboxylic acid group in presence of bromine water to form aldonic acids. The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ester groups in presence of base and acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride.

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Consider the tetrasaccharide stachyose drawn below. Stachyose is found in white jasmine, soybeans, and lentils. Because humans cannot digest it, its consumption causes flatulence.a. Label all glycoside bonds.b. Classify each glycosidic linkage as α or β and use numbers to designate its location between two rings (e.g., 1→4-β).c. What products are formed when stachyose is hydrolyzed with H3O+?d. Is stachyose a reducing sugar?e. What product is formed when stachyose is treated with excess CH3I, Ag2O?f. What products are formed when the product in (e) is treated with H3O+?

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Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 28, Problem 28.55P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ether groups in presence of base and alkyl halide. Glycosidic linkages are hydrolyzed in presence of acid to form cyclic hemiacetal and corresponding alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ether groups in presence of base and alkyl halide. The carbonyl group of aldoses can be reduced to alcohol using metal hydrides.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The aldehyde group of aldoses oxidizes to carboxylic acid group in presence of bromine water to form aldonic acids. The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ester groups in presence of base and acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 28, Problem 28.55P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ether groups in presence of base and alkyl halide. Glycosidic linkages are hydrolyzed in presence of acid to form cyclic hemiacetal and corresponding alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ether groups in presence of base and alkyl halide. The carbonyl group of aldoses can be reduced to alcohol using metal hydrides.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The aldehyde group of aldoses oxidizes to carboxylic acid group in presence of bromine water to form aldonic acids. The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ester groups in presence of base and acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 28, Problem 28.55P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ether groups in presence of base and alkyl halide. Glycosidic linkages are hydrolyzed in presence of acid to form cyclic hemiacetal and corresponding alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ether groups in presence of base and alkyl halide. The carbonyl group of aldoses can be reduced to alcohol using metal hydrides.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The aldehyde group of aldoses oxidizes to carboxylic acid group in presence of bromine water to form aldonic acids. The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ester groups in presence of base and acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride.

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Answer 5

Chapter 28, Problem 28.55P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ether groups in presence of base and alkyl halide. Glycosidic linkages are hydrolyzed in presence of acid to form cyclic hemiacetal and corresponding alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ether groups in presence of base and alkyl halide. The carbonyl group of aldoses can be reduced to alcohol using metal hydrides.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The aldehyde group of aldoses oxidizes to carboxylic acid group in presence of bromine water to form aldonic acids. The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ester groups in presence of base and acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride.

Answer 6

Chapter 28, Problem 28.55P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ether groups in presence of base and alkyl halide. Glycosidic linkages are hydrolyzed in presence of acid to form cyclic hemiacetal and corresponding alcohol.

Answer 7

Chapter 28, Problem 28.55P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ether groups in presence of base and alkyl halide. Glycosidic linkages are hydrolyzed in presence of acid to form cyclic hemiacetal and corresponding alcohol.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ether groups in presence of base and alkyl halide. The carbonyl group of aldoses can be reduced to alcohol using metal hydrides.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ether groups in presence of base and alkyl halide. The carbonyl group of aldoses can be reduced to alcohol using metal hydrides.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The aldehyde group of aldoses oxidizes to carboxylic acid group in presence of bromine water to form aldonic acids. The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ester groups in presence of base and acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The aldehyde group of aldoses oxidizes to carboxylic acid group in presence of bromine water to form aldonic acids. The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are converted into the ester groups in presence of base and acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.1P Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.2P Ch. 28 - Label each stereogenic center as R or S. a. b. c....Ch. 28 - Convert the ball-and-stick model to a Fischer...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.5P Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.6P Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.7P Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.8P Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.9P Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains how the conversion of D-glucose into the given compound is predicted.

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