College Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168000
Author: Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher: OpenStax College
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 27, Problem 60PE
(a) What is the minimum angular spread of a 633-nm wavelength He-Ne laser beam that is originally 1.00 mm in diameter?
(b) If this laser is aimed at a mountain cliff 15.0 km away, how big will the illuminated spot be?
(c) How big a spot would be illuminated on the Moon, neglecting atmospheric effects? (This might be done to hit a corner reflector to measure the round-trip time and, hence, distance.) Explicitly show how you follow the steps in Problem-Solving Strategies for Wave Optics.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
(a) What is the minimum angular spread of a 633-nm wavelength He-Ne laser beam that is originally 1.00 mm in diameter?
(b) If this laser is aimed at a mountain cliff 15.0 km away, how big will the illuminated spot be?
(c) How big a spot would be illuminated on the Moon, neglecting atmospheric effects? (This might be done to hit a corner reflector to measure the round-trip time and, hence, distance.)
What is the minimum angular spread of a 633-nmwavelength He-Ne laser beam that is originally 1.00 mm indiameter?(b) If this laser is aimed at a mountain cliff 15.0 km away, howbig will the illuminated spot be?(c) How big a spot would be illuminated on the Moon,neglecting atmospheric effects? (This might be done to hit acorner reflector to measure the round-trip time and, hence,distance.) Explicitly show how you follow the steps inProblem-Solving Strategies for Wave Optics
of 0.6 W per pulse. If the wavelength of the laser light is 60 nm. (a) how much
energy is deposited per pulse and (b) how many photons does each pulse
contain?
7. Light from a 2.5 mW laser source of aperture diameter 1.8 cm and A-5000 Å
is focused by a lens of focal length 20 cm. Calculate the area and intensity of
the image.
Chapter 27 Solutions
College Physics
Ch. 27 - What type of experimental evidence indicates that...Ch. 27 - Give an example of a wave characteristic of light...Ch. 27 - How do wave effects depend on the size of the...Ch. 27 - Under what conditions can light be modeled like a...Ch. 27 - Go outside in the sunlight and observe your...Ch. 27 - Why does the wavelength of light decrease when it...Ch. 27 - Does Huygens's principle apply to all types of...Ch. 27 - Young's double slit experiment breaks a single...Ch. 27 - Suppose you use the same double slit to perform...Ch. 27 - Is it possible to create a situation in which...
Ch. 27 - Figure 27.55 shows the central part of the...Ch. 27 - What is the advantage of a diffraction grating...Ch. 27 - What are the advantages of a diffraction grating...Ch. 27 - Can the lines in a diffraction grating be too...Ch. 27 - If a beam of white light passes through a...Ch. 27 - Suppose pure-wavelength light falls on a...Ch. 27 - Suppose a feather appears green but has no green...Ch. 27 - It is possible that there is no minimum in the...Ch. 27 - As the width of the slit producing a single-slit...Ch. 27 - A beam of light always spreads out. Why can a beam...Ch. 27 - What effect does increasing the wedge angle have...Ch. 27 - How is the difference in paths taken by two...Ch. 27 - Is there a phase change in the light reflected...Ch. 27 - In placing a sample on a microscope slide, a glass...Ch. 27 - Answer the above question if the fluid between the...Ch. 27 - While contemplating the food value of a slice of...Ch. 27 - An inventor notices that a soap bubble is dark at...Ch. 27 - A non-reflective coating like the one described in...Ch. 27 - Why is it much more difficult to see interference...Ch. 27 - Under what circumstances is the phase of light...Ch. 27 - Can a sound wave in air be polarized? Explain.Ch. 27 - No light passes through two perfect polarizing...Ch. 27 - Explain what happens to the energy carried by...Ch. 27 - When particles scattering light are smaller than...Ch. 27 - Using the information given in the preceding...Ch. 27 - When light is reflected at Brewster's angle from a...Ch. 27 - Explain how microscopes can use wave optics to...Ch. 27 - A bright white light under water is collimated and...Ch. 27 - Show that when light passes from air to water, its...Ch. 27 - Find the range of visible wavelengths of light in...Ch. 27 - What is the index of refraction of a material for...Ch. 27 - Analysis of an interference effect in a clear...Ch. 27 - What is the ratio of thicknesses of crown glass...Ch. 27 - At what angle is the first-order maximum for...Ch. 27 - Calculate the angle for the third-order maximum of...Ch. 27 - What is the separation between two slits for which...Ch. 27 - Find the distance between two slits that produces...Ch. 27 - Calculate the wavelength of light that has its...Ch. 27 - What is the wavelength of light falling on double...Ch. 27 - At what angle is the fourth-order maximum for the...Ch. 27 - What is the highest-order maximum for 400-nm light...Ch. 27 - Find the largest wavelength of light falling on...Ch. 27 - What is the smallest separation between two slits...Ch. 27 - (a) What is the smallest separation between two...Ch. 27 - (a) If the first-order maximum for pure-wavelength...Ch. 27 - Figure 27.56 shows a double slit located a...Ch. 27 - Using the result of the problem above, calculate...Ch. 27 - Using the result of the problem two problems...Ch. 27 - A diffraction grating has 2000 lines per...Ch. 27 - Find the angle for the third-order maximum for...Ch. 27 - How many lines per centimeter are there on a...Ch. 27 - What is the distance between lines on a...Ch. 27 - Calculate the wavelength of light that has its...Ch. 27 - An electric current through hydrogen gas produces...Ch. 27 - (a) What do the four angles in the above problem...Ch. 27 - What is the maximum number of lines per centimeter...Ch. 27 - The yellow light from a sodium vapor lamp seems to...Ch. 27 - What is the spacing between structures in a...Ch. 27 - Structures on a bird feather act like a reflection...Ch. 27 - An opal such as that shown in Figure 27.17 acts...Ch. 27 - At what angle does a diffraction grating produces...Ch. 27 - Show that a diffraction grating cannot produce a...Ch. 27 - If a diffraction grating produces a first-order...Ch. 27 - (a) Find the maximum number of lines per...Ch. 27 - €37. (a) Show that a 30,000-line-per-centimeter...Ch. 27 - A He—Ne laser beam is reflected from the surface...Ch. 27 - The analysis shown in the figure below also...Ch. 27 - Unreasonable Results Red light of wavelength of...Ch. 27 - Unreasonable Results (a) What visible wavelength...Ch. 27 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider a spectrometer...Ch. 27 - (a) At what angle is the first minimum for 550-nm...Ch. 27 - (a) Calculate the angle at which a 2.00- m -wide...Ch. 27 - (a) How wide is a single slit that produces its...Ch. 27 - (a) What is the width of a single slit that...Ch. 27 - Find the wavelength of light that has its third...Ch. 27 - Calculate the wavelength of light that produces...Ch. 27 - (a) Sodium vapor light averaging 589 nm in...Ch. 27 - (a) Find the angle of the third diffraction...Ch. 27 - (a) Find the angle between the first minima for...Ch. 27 - (a) What is the minimum width of a single slit (in...Ch. 27 - (a) If a single slit produces a first minimum at...Ch. 27 - A double slit produces a diffraction pattern that...Ch. 27 - Integrated Concepts A water break at the entrance...Ch. 27 - Integrated Concepts An aircraft maintenance...Ch. 27 - The 300-m-diameter Arecibo radio telescope...Ch. 27 - Assuming the angular resolution found for the...Ch. 27 - Diffraction spreading for a flashlight is...Ch. 27 - (a) What is the minimum angular spread of a 633-nm...Ch. 27 - A telescope can be used to enlarge the diameter of...Ch. 27 - The limit to the eye's acuity is actually related...Ch. 27 - What is the minimum diameter mirror on a telescope...Ch. 27 - You are told not to shoot until you see the whites...Ch. 27 - (a) The planet Pluto and its Moon Charon are...Ch. 27 - The headlights of a car are 1.3 m apart. What is...Ch. 27 - When dots are placed on a page from a laser...Ch. 27 - Unreasonable Results An amateur astronomer wants...Ch. 27 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider diffraction...Ch. 27 - A soap bubble is 100 nm thick and illuminated by...Ch. 27 - An oil slick on water is 120 nm thick and...Ch. 27 - Calculate the minimum thickness of an oil slick on...Ch. 27 - Find the minimum thickness of a soap bubble that...Ch. 27 - A film of soapy water (n=1.33) on top of a plastic...Ch. 27 - What are the three smallest non-zero thicknesses...Ch. 27 - Suppose you have a lens system that is to be used...Ch. 27 - (a) As a soap bubble thins it becomes dark,...Ch. 27 - A film of oil on water will appear dark when it is...Ch. 27 - Figure 27.34 shows two glass slides illuminated by...Ch. 27 - Figure 27.34 shows two 7.50-cm-long glass slides...Ch. 27 - Repeat Exercise 27.70, but take the light to be...Ch. 27 - Repeat Exercise 27.71, but take the light to be...Ch. 27 - Unreasonable Results To save money on making...Ch. 27 - What angle is needed between the direction of...Ch. 27 - The angle between the axes of two polarizing...Ch. 27 - If you have completely polarized light of...Ch. 27 - What angle would the axis of a polarizing filter...Ch. 27 - At the end of Example 27.8, it was stated that the...Ch. 27 - Show that if you have three polarizing filters,...Ch. 27 - Prove that, if I is the intensity of light...Ch. 27 - At what angle will light reflected from diamond be...Ch. 27 - What is Brewster's angle for light traveling in...Ch. 27 - A scuba diver sees light reflected from the...Ch. 27 - At what angle is light inside crown glass...Ch. 27 - Light reflected at 55.6° from a window is...Ch. 27 - (a) Light reflected at 62.5° from a gemstone in a...Ch. 27 - If b is Brewster's angle for light reflected from...Ch. 27 - Integrated Concepts If a polarizing filter reduces...Ch. 27 - Integrated Concepts Suppose you put on two pairs...Ch. 27 - Integrated Concepts (a) On a day when the...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Small bodies of mass m1 and m2 are attached to opposite ends of a thin rigid rod of length L and M. The rod is ...
University Physics Volume 1
The electromagnetic spectrum of light is often arranged in terms of frequency. Which one of the following has t...
Lecture- Tutorials for Introductory Astronomy
29. How long would it take you to walk to the moon, end how many steps would you have to take, assuming that yo...
College Physics (10th Edition)
The pV-diagram of the Carnot cycle.
Sears And Zemansky's University Physics With Modern Physics
Carefully examine a bulb. Two wires extend from the filament of the bulb into the base. You probably cannot see...
Tutorials in Introductory Physics
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- An X-ray scattering experiment is performed on a crystal whose atoms form planes separated by 0.440 nm. Using an X-ray source of wavelength 0.548 nm, what is the angle (with respect to the planes in question) at which the experimenter needs to illuminate the crystal in order to observe a first-order maximum?arrow_forwardEstimate the angular spread of a laser beam due todiffraction if the beam emerges through a 3.0-mm-diametermirror. Assume that λ = 694nm What would be the diameter of this beam if it struck (a) a satellite 340 km above the Earth, or (b) the Moon?arrow_forwardA sodium laser emits a light beam of wavelength 589 nm in air, with a beam diameter of 3 mmand emitted power of 50 mW. Evaluate:i) the wavenumber k0,ii) the angular frequency ω, andiii) the peak amplitude of the electric field E0 in the laser spot (you may assume beam divergencedue to diffraction is negligible).Give the appropriate SI units in each case.arrow_forward
- American physicists Davisson and Germer did a diffraction experiment in the1920s to demonstrate the wave-like property of electrons. If d is 0.215 nm for a cubiclattice crystal (see Fig. 1), and the incident beam is perpendicular to the surface of thecrystal,(a) find the optical path length difference between ray 1 and ray 2 in terms of dand φ.(b) how much voltage has to be applied to a beam of electrons so the diffractionpeak would be observed at φ = 53.13°?arrow_forward(a) What are X-rays? Differentiate between characteristic (monochromatic) and continuous X-rays. What are Laue equations for diffraction of X-rays by a crystalline solid? Show that the Bragg's equation is a special case of the Laue equations.arrow_forwardAn interference filter is to be constructed for isolation of the nitrobenzene absorption band at 1537cm-1. a) If it is to be based on first-order interference, what should be the thickness of the dielectric layer(refractive index of 1.34)? b) What other wavelength would be transmitted?arrow_forward
- With a He-Ne laser of wavelength 11.5×10−7m, fringes remain clearly visible whenthe path difference is increased up to 10 m. Calculate the coherence length, coherencetime and the spectral half width for He-Ne laser.arrow_forwardAssume that you want to bounce a laser beam off the Moon. Assume the laser beam is TEM9,0 and that the Moon is a distance of 3.8 · 10$ meters from Earth. Calculate the following. (a) Assume that the initial beam waist of a CO, laser running on the 10.6 µm line is 15 cm. How large is the beam waist when the beam hits the Moon? What is the radius of curvature? (b) Assume that the initial beam waist of a CO, laser running on the 10.6 µm line is 1.5 meters. How large is the beam waist when the beam hits the Moon? What is the radius of curvature? (c) Repeat part (a) for an excimer laser operating at 254.0 nm; use the same beam waist. |(d) Repeat part (b) for an excimer laser operating at 254.0 nm; use the same beam waist. (e) From your answers to parts (a-d), speculate on what kind of laser and what type of associated optical system you would want to use in order to optimally bounce a laser beam off the Moon.arrow_forwardProblem 9: For a Gaussian laser beam in air with a 0.5mm waist radius and X=850nm, a. Find the (far field) diffraction half angle and the beam waist w(z) at z=50m b. If the laser emits 5mW, what is the peak irradiance at z=50m? c. What near field beam waist radius is required to limit the diffracted beam diameter to 1cm at 50m? What detector diameter is needed to encircle (detect) 50% of the power?arrow_forward
- A crystal sample of bacteriorhodpsin, a light-sensitive protein found in halobacteria that responds to light energy, has crystal planes separated by 0.20 nm. If a beam of 11 keV x rays illuminates a sample, what angles will give diffraction maxima?arrow_forwarda) A typical atomic nucleaus is about 5.00×10-¹5 m in radius. Use uncertanity principle to place a lower limit on the energy an electron must have if it is to be a part of nucleaus. b) Find phase velocites of 2 waves moving with velocities v₁= 7m/s and v2= 6m/s, having wavelengths A₁ = 15nm and A2= 22nm, (b) Investigate that combined waveform moves equal, faster/slower than either of its component waves?arrow_forwardcalculate the Quality factor Q for a He-Ne laser that contains front mirror with 95% Reflexivity and the length of optical resonator is 1 m , then calculate the width of Emission line Δv where the wavelength λ is 632.8 nmarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- University Physics Volume 3PhysicsISBN:9781938168185Author:William Moebs, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStaxPrinciples of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
University Physics Volume 3
Physics
ISBN:9781938168185
Author:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny
Publisher:OpenStax
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning