College Physics
OER 2016 Edition
ISBN: 9781947172173
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 27, Problem 34PE
Show that a diffraction grating cannot produce a second-order maximum for a given
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Light with a frequency of 453THZ shines down on a layer of oil on top of water. The
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Show that a diffraction grating cannot produce a second- order maximum for a given wavelength of light unless the first-order maximum is at an angle less than 30.0º .
An x-ray beam of wavelength A undergoes first-order reflection (Bragg law diffraction) from a crystal when its angle of incidence to a crystal face is 23°, and an x-ray beam of wavelength 97 pm undergoes third-order reflection when its angle of incidence to that face is 60°. Assuming that the two beams reflect from the same family of reflecting planes, find (a) the interplanar spacing and (b) the wavelength A.
Chapter 27 Solutions
College Physics
Ch. 27 - What type of experimental evidence indicates that...Ch. 27 - Give an example of a wave characteristic of light...Ch. 27 - How do wave effects depend on the size of the...Ch. 27 - Under what conditions can light be modeled like a...Ch. 27 - Go outside in the sunlight and observe your...Ch. 27 - Why does the wavelength of light decrease when it...Ch. 27 - Does Huygens's principle apply to all types of...Ch. 27 - Young's double slit experiment breaks a single...Ch. 27 - Suppose you use the same double slit to perform...Ch. 27 - Is it possible to create a situation in which...
Ch. 27 - Figure 27.55 shows the central part of the...Ch. 27 - What is the advantage of a diffraction grating...Ch. 27 - What are the advantages of a diffraction grating...Ch. 27 - Can the lines in a diffraction grating be too...Ch. 27 - If a beam of white light passes through a...Ch. 27 - Suppose pure-wavelength light falls on a...Ch. 27 - Suppose a feather appears green but has no green...Ch. 27 - It is possible that there is no minimum in the...Ch. 27 - As the width of the slit producing a single-slit...Ch. 27 - A beam of light always spreads out. Why can a beam...Ch. 27 - What effect does increasing the wedge angle have...Ch. 27 - How is the difference in paths taken by two...Ch. 27 - Is there a phase change in the light reflected...Ch. 27 - In placing a sample on a microscope slide, a glass...Ch. 27 - Answer the above question if the fluid between the...Ch. 27 - While contemplating the food value of a slice of...Ch. 27 - An inventor notices that a soap bubble is dark at...Ch. 27 - A non-reflective coating like the one described in...Ch. 27 - Why is it much more difficult to see interference...Ch. 27 - Under what circumstances is the phase of light...Ch. 27 - Can a sound wave in air be polarized? Explain.Ch. 27 - No light passes through two perfect polarizing...Ch. 27 - Explain what happens to the energy carried by...Ch. 27 - When particles scattering light are smaller than...Ch. 27 - Using the information given in the preceding...Ch. 27 - When light is reflected at Brewster's angle from a...Ch. 27 - Explain how microscopes can use wave optics to...Ch. 27 - A bright white light under water is collimated and...Ch. 27 - Show that when light passes from air to water, its...Ch. 27 - Find the range of visible wavelengths of light in...Ch. 27 - What is the index of refraction of a material for...Ch. 27 - Analysis of an interference effect in a clear...Ch. 27 - What is the ratio of thicknesses of crown glass...Ch. 27 - At what angle is the first-order maximum for...Ch. 27 - Calculate the angle for the third-order maximum of...Ch. 27 - What is the separation between two slits for which...Ch. 27 - Find the distance between two slits that produces...Ch. 27 - Calculate the wavelength of light that has its...Ch. 27 - What is the wavelength of light falling on double...Ch. 27 - At what angle is the fourth-order maximum for the...Ch. 27 - What is the highest-order maximum for 400-nm light...Ch. 27 - Find the largest wavelength of light falling on...Ch. 27 - What is the smallest separation between two slits...Ch. 27 - (a) What is the smallest separation between two...Ch. 27 - (a) If the first-order maximum for pure-wavelength...Ch. 27 - Figure 27.56 shows a double slit located a...Ch. 27 - Using the result of the problem above, calculate...Ch. 27 - Using the result of the problem two problems...Ch. 27 - A diffraction grating has 2000 lines per...Ch. 27 - Find the angle for the third-order maximum for...Ch. 27 - How many lines per centimeter are there on a...Ch. 27 - What is the distance between lines on a...Ch. 27 - Calculate the wavelength of light that has its...Ch. 27 - An electric current through hydrogen gas produces...Ch. 27 - (a) What do the four angles in the above problem...Ch. 27 - What is the maximum number of lines per centimeter...Ch. 27 - The yellow light from a sodium vapor lamp seems to...Ch. 27 - What is the spacing between structures in a...Ch. 27 - Structures on a bird feather act like a reflection...Ch. 27 - An opal such as that shown in Figure 27.17 acts...Ch. 27 - At what angle does a diffraction grating produces...Ch. 27 - Show that a diffraction grating cannot produce a...Ch. 27 - If a diffraction grating produces a first-order...Ch. 27 - (a) Find the maximum number of lines per...Ch. 27 - €37. (a) Show that a 30,000-line-per-centimeter...Ch. 27 - A He—Ne laser beam is reflected from the surface...Ch. 27 - The analysis shown in the figure below also...Ch. 27 - Unreasonable Results Red light of wavelength of...Ch. 27 - Unreasonable Results (a) What visible wavelength...Ch. 27 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider a spectrometer...Ch. 27 - (a) At what angle is the first minimum for 550-nm...Ch. 27 - (a) Calculate the angle at which a 2.00- m -wide...Ch. 27 - (a) How wide is a single slit that produces its...Ch. 27 - (a) What is the width of a single slit that...Ch. 27 - Find the wavelength of light that has its third...Ch. 27 - Calculate the wavelength of light that produces...Ch. 27 - (a) Sodium vapor light averaging 589 nm in...Ch. 27 - (a) Find the angle of the third diffraction...Ch. 27 - (a) Find the angle between the first minima for...Ch. 27 - (a) What is the minimum width of a single slit (in...Ch. 27 - (a) If a single slit produces a first minimum at...Ch. 27 - A double slit produces a diffraction pattern that...Ch. 27 - Integrated Concepts A water break at the entrance...Ch. 27 - Integrated Concepts An aircraft maintenance...Ch. 27 - The 300-m-diameter Arecibo radio telescope...Ch. 27 - Assuming the angular resolution found for the...Ch. 27 - Diffraction spreading for a flashlight is...Ch. 27 - (a) What is the minimum angular spread of a 633-nm...Ch. 27 - A telescope can be used to enlarge the diameter of...Ch. 27 - The limit to the eye's acuity is actually related...Ch. 27 - What is the minimum diameter mirror on a telescope...Ch. 27 - You are told not to shoot until you see the whites...Ch. 27 - (a) The planet Pluto and its Moon Charon are...Ch. 27 - The headlights of a car are 1.3 m apart. What is...Ch. 27 - When dots are placed on a page from a laser...Ch. 27 - Unreasonable Results An amateur astronomer wants...Ch. 27 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider diffraction...Ch. 27 - A soap bubble is 100 nm thick and illuminated by...Ch. 27 - An oil slick on water is 120 nm thick and...Ch. 27 - Calculate the minimum thickness of an oil slick on...Ch. 27 - Find the minimum thickness of a soap bubble that...Ch. 27 - A film of soapy water (n=1.33) on top of a plastic...Ch. 27 - What are the three smallest non-zero thicknesses...Ch. 27 - Suppose you have a lens system that is to be used...Ch. 27 - (a) As a soap bubble thins it becomes dark,...Ch. 27 - A film of oil on water will appear dark when it is...Ch. 27 - Figure 27.34 shows two glass slides illuminated by...Ch. 27 - Figure 27.34 shows two 7.50-cm-long glass slides...Ch. 27 - Repeat Exercise 27.70, but take the light to be...Ch. 27 - Repeat Exercise 27.71, but take the light to be...Ch. 27 - Unreasonable Results To save money on making...Ch. 27 - What angle is needed between the direction of...Ch. 27 - The angle between the axes of two polarizing...Ch. 27 - If you have completely polarized light of...Ch. 27 - What angle would the axis of a polarizing filter...Ch. 27 - At the end of Example 27.8, it was stated that the...Ch. 27 - Show that if you have three polarizing filters,...Ch. 27 - Prove that, if I is the intensity of light...Ch. 27 - At what angle will light reflected from diamond be...Ch. 27 - What is Brewster's angle for light traveling in...Ch. 27 - A scuba diver sees light reflected from the...Ch. 27 - At what angle is light inside crown glass...Ch. 27 - Light reflected at 55.6° from a window is...Ch. 27 - (a) Light reflected at 62.5° from a gemstone in a...Ch. 27 - If b is Brewster's angle for light reflected from...Ch. 27 - Integrated Concepts If a polarizing filter reduces...Ch. 27 - Integrated Concepts Suppose you put on two pairs...Ch. 27 - Integrated Concepts (a) On a day when the...Ch. 27 - Prob. 1TPCh. 27 - Prob. 2TPCh. 27 - Prob. 3TPCh. 27 - Prob. 4TPCh. 27 - Prob. 5TPCh. 27 - Prob. 6TPCh. 27 - Prob. 7TPCh. 27 - Prob. 8TPCh. 27 - Prob. 9TPCh. 27 - Prob. 10TPCh. 27 - Prob. 11TPCh. 27 - Prob. 12TPCh. 27 - Prob. 13TPCh. 27 - Prob. 14TPCh. 27 - Prob. 15TPCh. 27 - Prob. 16TPCh. 27 - Prob. 17TPCh. 27 - Prob. 18TP
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- Astronomers observe the chromosphere of the Sun with a filter that passes the red hydrogen spectral line of wavelength 656.3 nm, called the H line. The filter consists of a transparent dielectric of thickness d held between two partially aluminized glass plates. The filter is held at a constant temperature. (a) Find the minimum value of d that produces maximum transmission of perpendicular H light if the dielectric has an index of refraction of 1.378. (b) What If? If the temperature of the filter increases above the normal value, increasing its thickness, what happens to the transmitted wavelength? (c) The dielectric will also pass what near-visible wavelength? One of the glass plates is colored red to absorb this light.arrow_forwardA beam of 580-nm light passes through two closely spaced glass plates at close to normal incidence as shown in Figure P27.23. For what minimum nonzero value of the plate separation d is the transmitted light bright?arrow_forwardTwo polarizing sheets P1 and P2 are placed together with their transmission axes oriented at an angle to each other. What is when only 25% of the maximum transmitted light intensity passes through them?arrow_forward
- On a certain crystal, a first-order X-ray diffraction maximum is observed at an angle of 27.1° relative to its surface, using an X-ray source of unknown wavelength. Additionally, when illuminated with a different, this time of known wavelength 0.137 nm, a second-order maximum is detected at 37.3°. Determine (a) the spacing between the reflecting planes, and (b) the unknown wavelength.arrow_forwardShow that a diffraction grating cannot produce a second-order maximum for a given wavelength of light unless the first-order maximum is at an angle less than 30.0o.arrow_forwardAstronomers observe the chromosphere of the Sun with a filter that passes the red hydrogen spectral line of wavelength 656.3 nm, called the H, line. The filter consists of a transparent dielectric of thickness d held between two partially aluminized glass plates. The filter is held at a constant temperature. (a) Find the minimum value of d that produces maximum transmission of perpendicular H, light if the dielectric has an index of refraction of 1.494. (Assume that the glass's refractive index exceeds 1.494.) nm (b) If the temperature of the filter increases above the normal value, increases its thickness, what happens to the transmitted wavelength? (Its index of refraction does not change significantly.) O It increases. O It decreases. O It remains unchanged. (c) The dielectric will also pass what near-visible wavelength? One of the glass plates is colored red to absorb this light. nm Additional Materials O eBookarrow_forward
- Problem 2: Monochromatic linearly polarized light with the slope angle of 30 degrees, electric-field amplitude of I V/m, and wavelength of 600 nm propagates in air and hits a silver surface at the angle of incidence of 45 degrees. Calculate the slope angle of reflected light if refractive index of silver is 0.0540 and extinction coefficient is 3.671.arrow_forwardIn an x-ray diffraction experiment, using x-rays of wavelength l = 0.500 x 10-10 m, a first-order maximum occurred at 5.00° off the crystal plane. Find the distance d between crystal planes.arrow_forwardA laser beam of intensity 1.03 x 103 W/m² with a wavelength of 576 nm is incident on an opaque screen with a tiny circular aperture of radius 1.01 x 107 m. Apply the Huygens-Fresnel principle to find the intensity of the diffracted light at a distance of 1.03 cm from the center of the aperture. 1.03e-08 W/m^2 Xarrow_forward
- An x-ray beam of a certain wavelength is incident on an NaCl crystal, at 30.0° to a certain family of reflecting planes of spacing 39.8 pm. If the reflection from those planes is of the first order, what is the wavelength of the x rays?arrow_forwardUnder what conditions will a person observe no reflected light? Assume that ttt is the film thickness, mmm = 1, 2, 3,..., nnn is the index of refraction of the film, and λλlambda is the wavelength of the light. Express your answer in terms of the variables m, n, λlambda, and appropriate constants.arrow_forwardConsider transmitted light through a thin film of liquid “x” on a lake as shown nair = 1.00 nwater = 1.33 Water = 480 nm (Wavelength of light in the water) vair = 3.00 x 108 m/s (Speed of light in air) vx = 2.36 x 108 m/s (Speed of light in “x”) a) Determine the index of refraction, nx , for the thin film of liquid “x” b) Determine the angle of refraction in water, , as shown in the picture. c) The thickness of the film is equal to 5 air , where air is the wavelength of the light in the air. Determine this thickness.arrow_forward
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