Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 27, Problem 12TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Nitrogen is essential for the growth and development of organisms. Some archaea (such as methanogens) and some bacteria (such as cyanobacteria) obtain nitrogen through the process of nitrogen fixation. Plants obtain nitrogen through nitrogen-fixing bacteria, while animals obtain nitrogen from organic matter.
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Which of the following statements is false?
A.
Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria may form hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as a product of the oxidation.
B.
Dissimilatory reduction of metals such as Fe3+ to Fe2+ represents anaerobic respiration.
C.
The nitrification reactions carried out by certain bacteria would be considered lithotrophy.
D.
Denitrification reactions would be considered anaerobic respiration.
Which of the following statements correctly describes exotoxins and endotoxins produced by various bacteria?
A. endotoxins are secreted into the environment while the bacteria are still alive
B. exotoxins are secreted into the environment while the bacteria are still alive
C. exotoxins are only released into the environment when the bacteria die and their cell walls break down
D. exotoxins are components of the outer membrane of the bacteria that produce them
A bacterium that lives in the human intestine derives its nutrition by digesting the contents of the intestine. Which mode of nutrition best describes this bacterium?
A. aerobic chemoheterotroph
B. aerobic chemoautotroph
C. anaerobic chemoheterotroph
D. anaerobic chemoautotroph
Chapter 27 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 27 - Fill in the following table with brief...Ch. 27 - Complete the following concept map that summarizes...Ch. 27 - This is a micrograph of the cyanobacterium...Ch. 27 - Prob. 4IQCh. 27 - Prob. 5IQCh. 27 - One might think of prokaryotes as primitive,...Ch. 27 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 27 - Prob. 1TYKFCh. 27 - __________ region in which the prokaryotic...Ch. 27 - __________ common staining technique that...
Ch. 27 - Prob. 4TYKFCh. 27 - Prob. 5TYKFCh. 27 - Prob. 6TYKFCh. 27 - Prob. 7TYKFCh. 27 - Prob. 8TYKFCh. 27 - ___________ use of organisms to remove...Ch. 27 - __________type of respiration that uses molecules...Ch. 27 - The Gram stain distinguishes among bacteria based...Ch. 27 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 27 - Some prokaryotes have specialized internal...Ch. 27 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 27 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 27 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 27 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 27 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 27 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 27 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 27 - Which of the following statements accurately...Ch. 27 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 27 - O157:H7, a pathogenic strain of E. coli, has over...
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- After receiving a heavy dose of antibiotics while in the hospital, a patient experienced continuous bouts of diarrhea and colon inflammation. After completing a bit of research about the issue, the patient discovered that their symptoms were mostly likely due to O a. receiving too much fluid via intravenous (I administration, upsetting the digestive system. O b. the fact that the antibiotics killed off many pathogenic and beneficial bacteria, allowing C. difficile to proliferate. O c. the fact that they did not receive enough prebiotics and probiotics while they were taking the antibiotics. peanuts. O e. the fact that the antibiotics killed off all beneficial bacteria but all pathogenic bacteria remained and proliferated. O d. the hospital did not recognize the patient's peanut allergy and provided food containingarrow_forwardThe process of freezing food: a. makes oxygen unavailable to pathogenic bacteria b. makes liquid water unavailable to pathogenic bacteria c. slows bacterial metabolism to a very low rate d. emulsifies pathogenic bacteria e. causes pathogenic bacteria to form ketone bodies to endure the “hibernation conditions”arrow_forwardWhy must nitrogen fixation occur in an anoxic (i.e., oxygen-free) environment? a)Because H2 is an additional product of nitrogen fixation, and the combination of H2 and O2 would cause the cell to combust. b)Oxygen poisons the dinitrogenase enzyme by entering the FeMo cluster c)Oxygen competes as an electron acceptor in the ETC, so electrons cannot be passed to N2. d)Oxygen "steals" electrons from the dinitrogenase reductase, producing free radicals.arrow_forward
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