Concept explainers
To discuss:
Mitochondrial proton pumps, the chemiosmotic mechanism, and ATP synthase in producing ATP.
Introduction:
Mitochondria have two membranes: one is the outer mitochondrial membrane and the other is the inner mitochondrial membrane. Between these two membranes, there is a mitochondrial membrane space. Mitochondrial matrix is present inside the mitochondria. NADH and FADH2 are synthesized in the cytoplasm and the mitochondrial matrix, through glycolysis and Krebs cycle. These high energy compounds enter the inner mitochondrial membrane, transport the electrons in the electron transport chain, produce H2O from oxygen, and produce ATP molecules. An electron transport molecule has four enzyme complexes that are used for the transfer of enzyme molecules for the production of ATP and water molecules.
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Chapter 26 Solutions
A&P UNITY AND FUNCTION ACCESS
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- Give the terminal regression line equation and R or R2 value: Give the x axis (name and units, if any) of the terminal line: Give the y axis (name and units, if any) of the terminal line: Give the first residual regression line equation and R or R2 value: Give the x axis (name and units, if any) of the first residual line : Give the y axis (name and units, if any) of the first residual line: Give the second residual regression line equation and R or R2 value: Give the x axis (name and units, if any) of the second residual line: Give the y axis (name and units, if any) of the second residual line: a) B1 Solution b) B2 c)hybrid rate constant (λ1) d)hybrid rate constant (λ2) e) ka f) t1/2,absorb g) t1/2, dist h) t1/2, elim i)apparent central compartment volume (V1,app) j) total AUC (short cut method) k) apparent volume of distribution based on AUC (VAUC,app) l)apparent clearance (CLapp) m) absolute bioavailability of oral route (need AUCiv…arrow_forwardYou inject morpholino oligonucleotides that inhibit the translation of follistatin, chordin, and noggin (FCN) at the 1 cell stage of a frog embryo. What is the effect on neurulation in the resulting embryo? Propose an experiment that would rescue an embryo injected with FCN morpholinos.arrow_forwardParticipants will be asked to create a meme regarding a topic relevant to the department of Geography, Geomatics, and Environmental Studies. Prompt: Using an online art style of your choice, please make a meme related to the study of Geography, Environment, or Geomatics.arrow_forward
- Plekhg5 functions in bottle cell formation, and Shroom3 functions in neural plate closure, yet the phenotype of injecting mRNA of each into the animal pole of a fertilized egg is very similar. What is the phenotype, and why is the phenotype so similar? Is the phenotype going to be that there is a disruption of the formation of the neural tube for both of these because bottle cell formation is necessary for the neural plate to fold in forming the neural tube and Shroom3 is further needed to close the neural plate? So since both Plekhg5 and Shroom3 are used in forming the neural tube, injecting the mRNA will just lead to neural tube deformity?arrow_forwardWhat are some medical issues or health trends that may have a direct link to the idea of keeping fat out of diets?arrow_forwardwhat did charles darwin do in sciencearrow_forward
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
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