Chapter 26, Problem 26.16P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The principal organic product formed when the quinoline reacts with $30\%{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$ is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Oxidation is the process in which there is an addition of oxygen atom or removal of hydrogen atom. The agents used for the oxidation reaction is known as oxidizing agents. It oxidizes the other substance and get reduced in the reaction. The common oxidizing agents are nitric acid, oxygen and potassium dichromate.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The principal organic product obtained when the quinoline reacts with ${\text{NaNH}}_{\text{2}}$, heat; then ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The nucleophilic substitution reactions are the reactions in which one nucleophile is substituted by another nucleophile. These reactions depend upon the nucleophilicity and concentration of the nucleophile. There are two types of nuclephilic substitution reaction. When the substitution reaction occurs at the aromatic ring then, it is called aromatic substitution reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The principal organic product formed when the quinoline reacts with the product of part (a), then ${\text{HNO}}_{\text{3}}$, ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}$ is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The chemical reaction in which an electrophile group is replaced by another functional group is called the electrophilic substitution reaction. When the electrophilic substitution happens on an aromatic ring such as benzene then the reaction is known as electrophilic aromatic substitution.