Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 26, Problem 1SYK
Summary Introduction
To draw: The phylogenetic tree that best represents the relationships among taxa A-E with a taxon A as a basal taxon, B and C as the sister taxa that share a more recent common ancestor with D than with E.
Introduction: The phylogenetic tree is a branching diagram that shows the pattern of descent. It paves way to know the evolutionary relationship between different species or groups of organisms based on their genetic and physical characteristics.
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Students have asked these similar questions
In the figure, the letters A-G represent individual species that all descended from a common ancestor.
DEFG
Which of the following conclusions regarding the phylogeny of these organisms can be made from this tree?
B is more closely related to G than it is to A.
A is more closely related to D than it is to C.
G is more closely related to A than it is to F.
D is more closely related to E than it is to C.
Which of the following is true regarding the way we define clades with characters? Select one:
a. Autapomorphies are good characters to use because they describe every lineage of the clade and no other lineages
b. Plesiomorphies are good characters to use because they describe every lineage of the clade and no other lineages
c. Synapomorphies are good characters to use because they describe every lineage of the clade and no other lineages
Please give me the correct answer quickly I will give you upvote
In a phylogenetic tree, Species 1 and 2 are distantly related to one another but are both darkly pigmented. Species 3 which is unpigmented is a sister taxon to Species 2. The common ancestor to all three species is darkly pigmented; thus, this trait in the phylogeny is considered to be a -
A. homoplasy.
B. synapomorphy.
C. apomorphy.
D. symplesiomorphy.
Chapter 26 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 26 - a. In this hypothetical phylogenetic tree, which...Ch. 26 - What two complications may make it difficult to...Ch. 26 - Place the taxa (outgroup. A, B, C, and D) on the...Ch. 26 - Prob. 4IQCh. 26 - a. Give an example of genes that would be compared...Ch. 26 - Prob. 6IQCh. 26 - Prob. 7IQCh. 26 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 26 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 26 - Prob. 3SYK
Ch. 26 - Related families are grouped into the next-highest...Ch. 26 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 26 - A taxon such as the class Reptiliawhich includes...Ch. 26 - You wish to study evolutionary relationships among...Ch. 26 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 26 - Which of the following approaches would allow a...Ch. 26 - A comparative study of which of the following...Ch. 26 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 26 - Which of the following segments of DNA would...Ch. 26 - Which of the following is the best description of...Ch. 26 - Prob. 21TYK
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- Study the diagrams below. The diagrams represent four possible phylogenetic trees showing the relationship between the four species: M, L, S, and R. B A M LS R M LR +d \t R SML RM S tota -444 What is the plausible explanation for the appearance of autapomorphic character c in species L and S of tree A although they do not share a most recent common ancestor?arrow_forwardGiven the phylogenetic tree shown below, which of the following two species (A-F) most recently shared a common ancestor? DEarrow_forwardThe phylogenetic tree to the right showsthe evolutionary relationships of taxa A –H. The shapes represent character statetrait changes. A. Which traits (shapes) would individualsin taxa D have? Draw the collection oftraits. B. Is the triangle a synapomorphy orpleisomorphy (circle one)? C. Is the circle a synapomorphy orsympleisomorphy (circle one)?arrow_forward
- Please compare these phylogenetic trees and choose the most accurate statement about whether they are the same tree or not. A a Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. b с DCBE d E A They are not the same because the overall shape looks different. They are not the same because they show different relationships among species. Nodes have been rotated but the species relationships are the same. They are the same because they have the same species at their tips. D C Barrow_forwardIdentify the outgroup from the phylogenetic trees and box/mark the whole lineage in red. Identify the most recent common ancestor for species A and B and mark it in blue. Identify the most recent common ancestor for species C and D and mark it in green. E A B C D E B C D Earrow_forwardWhen reading a phylogenetic tree, which of the following is true regarding the evolutionary relationships among the taxa represented on the tree? Taxa located at adjacent tips of the branches are always more closely related to each other than to other taxa on the tree. Therefore, a species is always equally related to the taxon on the branch immediately to the right it and the taxon on the branch immediately to the left of it The branch lengths always represent the amount of morphological change between taxa The internal nodes (branching points) of the tree represent the most recent common ancestors of the taxa connected by the branches The position of taxa on the tree is completely arbitrary and does not reflect their evolutionary relationshipsarrow_forward
- Below are phylogenetic trees depicting the relationships among four species, A, B, C, and D. Which of the following statements is correct? ABCD ADCB DCBA D CAB (1) (2) (3) (4) Tree (1) and Tree (2) are the same tree. Tree (2) and Tree (4) are the same tree. Tree (2) and Tree (3) are the same tree. All four trees are in fact the same tree. All four trees are in fact different trees.arrow_forwardWhich statement is usually true about phylogenetic trees? a) nodes represent points when traits have evolved b) branch tips that are next to each other are more closely related c) the branching pattern describes the hypothesized evolutionary relationships between the taxa d) the order of the branch tips (left to right) indicates which taxa are more advanced evolutionarilyarrow_forwardPhylogenetic trees are used to show the evolutionary relationships among various biological species and are usually based upon shared derived characters. In constructing phylogenetic trees, it is useful to first draw up a character table to show the presence or absence of characters among the various groups of organisms being studied. a. Draw up a character table based upon the following shared derived characters of land plants: flowers, seeds, vascular tissues, and dependent embryos. Your character table must include the names/descriptions of the plant groups that are being characterized. b. Construct a phylogenetic tree based on this data.arrow_forward
- Consider the cladogram shown. 1. Which pair of species shares the greatest number of derived characters (synamorphies)? 2. Which species has the greatest number of ancestral character states (plesiomorphies)?arrow_forwardShow a phylogenetic tree that reflects the evolutionary relationships between the following taxa. All of the taxa should be on one (1) tree; var. stands for variety, a subspecific taxon (just as a genus can contain several to many species, a species can include several varieties). Family Fagaceae Quercus rubra var. rubra Red oak Quercus rubra var. borealis northern red oak Quercus velutina Black oak Fagus grandifolia Beech Castanea dentata American chestnut Castanea pumila var. pumila Chinquapin Castanea pumila var. ashei Coastal chinquapin Family Betulaceae Betula nigra River birch Betula papyrifera Paper birch Corylus cornuta Beaked hazel-nut Corylus americana American hazel-nut asap pleasearrow_forwardSome organisms that appear very closely related on a phylogenetic tree may not actually be closely related. Why is this?arrow_forward
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Phylogenetic Mysteries: Crash Course Zoology #12; Author: CrashCourse;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVaw7nF72Aw;License: Standard youtube license