Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 26, Problem 18TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The phylogenetic tree is a branching diagram that shows the pattern of descent. The molecular phylogenetic analysis is used for mapping the tree of life.
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Select the taxon that MOST CLOSELY applies to each of the statements below regarding anthropoids. Each term may be used once or not at all.
Hominin genus with small head and oval birth canal.
a. Homo sapiens
+ Species with a brain mass approximately three times larger than that of b. Homo heidelbergensis
other extant hominins.
c. Homo floresiensis
* Species that comparative genomics suggests hybridized with Homo
sapiens.
d. Gigantopithecus
e. Aegyptopithecus
+ Small-statured species found in Indonesia up to about 50,000 years ago.
f. Homo neanderthalensis
+ Genus conjectured by some to have been responsible for the Yeti myth
in southeast Asia.
g. Homo
h. Homo erectus
i. Ardipithecus ramidus
j. Proconsul
k. Homo habilis
1. Australopithecus
m. Australopithecus afarensis
This video refers to Denisovans as a “Ghost Lineage.” In fact, Denisovans don’t even have a formal scientific name. What is the physical evidence that anthropologists need to further define and understand the Denisovans?
A.
None of the above
B.
A Type Specimen (and more Denisovan fossils)
C.
Neanderthal DNA
D.
H. sapiens DNA
Why can’t scientists just do DNA analysis on these fossil hominins to determine if they are a separate species and possibly what species they belong to?
A.
The DNA of fossil hominins is too similar to modern humans, making it difficult to distinguish between them.
B.
The technology for extracting DNA from fossils hasn't been developed yet.
C.
The fossils would need to be in a -5 degree Celsius environment to prevent DNA from degrading
D.
Scientists can't perform DNA analysis on fossil hominins because the fossils have been contaminated with modern human DNA over the years, making it impossible to isolate the ancient genetic material.
Chapter 26 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 26 - a. In this hypothetical phylogenetic tree, which...Ch. 26 - What two complications may make it difficult to...Ch. 26 - Place the taxa (outgroup. A, B, C, and D) on the...Ch. 26 - Prob. 4IQCh. 26 - a. Give an example of genes that would be compared...Ch. 26 - Prob. 6IQCh. 26 - Prob. 7IQCh. 26 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 26 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 26 - Prob. 3SYK
Ch. 26 - Related families are grouped into the next-highest...Ch. 26 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 26 - A taxon such as the class Reptiliawhich includes...Ch. 26 - You wish to study evolutionary relationships among...Ch. 26 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 26 - Which of the following approaches would allow a...Ch. 26 - A comparative study of which of the following...Ch. 26 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 26 - Which of the following segments of DNA would...Ch. 26 - Which of the following is the best description of...Ch. 26 - Prob. 21TYK
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- From the early 1700s to the modern day, how did various lines of evidence clarify and improve scientists' understanding about the ancestry of cetaceans? A. DNAarrow_forwardAccording to "Our Earliest Ancestors", why can’t scientists just do DNA analysis on these fossil hominins to determine if they are a separate species and possibly what species they belong to? A.The technology for extracting DNA from fossils hasn't been developed yet. B.Scientists can't perform DNA analysis on fossil hominins because the fossils have been contaminated with modern human DNA over the years, making it impossible to isolate the ancient genetic material. C.The fossils would need to be in a -5 degree Celsius environment to prevent DNA from degrading D.The DNA of fossil hominins is too similar to modern humans, making it difficult to distinguish between them.arrow_forwardAccording to "Our Earliest Ancestors", why can’t scientists just do DNA analysis on these fossil hominins to determine if they are a separate species and possibly what species they belong to? A.The fossils would need to be in a -5 degree Celsius environment to prevent DNA from degrading B.The DNA of fossil hominins is too similar to modern humans, making it difficult to distinguish between them. C.Scientists can't perform DNA analysis on fossil hominins because the fossils have been contaminated with modern human DNA over the years, making it impossible to isolate the ancient genetic material. D.The technology for extracting DNA from fossils hasn't been developed yetarrow_forward
- Both octopuses and cuttlefish have a single-lens eye. Their common ancestor also had a single-lens eye. What word describes the relationship between the octopus eye and the cuttlefish eye? a. homologous c. analogous b. vestigial d. convergentarrow_forwardWhich of these species is most likely to share the greatest percentage of DNA with your human professor? a. Australopithecus afarensis b. Homo erectus c. Australopithecus sediba d. Ardipithecus ramidusarrow_forwardWhat is not always true of a valid binomial species name like Homo sapiens? A. It includes the genus name B. It is the first published name applied to the biological species C. It is defined by autapomorphic character states D. Technically, it consists of a noun and an adjective asaparrow_forward
- The bones in the front fins of whales and the bones in the human arm evolved from a common ancestor but carry out different functions. This is an example of A. homologous structures. B. vestigial structures. C. analogous structures. D. embryonic structures.arrow_forwardPeople studying fossils have to employ which of the following species concepts? a. The Morphospecies Concept b. The Biological Species Concept c. The Phylogenetic Species Concept d. The Physical Species Conceptarrow_forwardDerived characters are traits: A. that are more complicated than ancestral characters B. that characterize the last common ancestor of a particular collection of species. C. that have evolved after the last common ancestor of a particulan collection of species. D. that are less well suited to the environment than ancestral characters.arrow_forward
- Use the shapes below to answer Question number 2. Please be accurate and complete it CORRECTLY. Don’t use previous answers.arrow_forwardAccording to "The Complex Evolution of Homo sapiens", where were the earliest fossils that are potentially Homo sapiens found? How old are they? A.Morocco - 3 million years old B.Kenya - 300,000 years old C.Morocco - 300,000 years old D.Tibet - 300,000 years old A.Ivory rings B.Jewelry from stone and marble C.Needles made from bone D.Both A and B E.A, B and Carrow_forwardSince 1735, the Linnaean classification system has been the basic system for all taxonomy in biology. Which statement best explains the reason for changing how organisms are classified today? A. Organisms are evolving at a faster rate than in the past B. More diverse and complex organisms are being discovered C.  There are more organisms today than there were in the past D. New information about the genetics of species is being discoveredarrow_forward
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Discovering the tree of life | California Academy of Sciences; Author: California Academy of Sciences;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AjvLQJ6PIiU;License: Standard Youtube License